Nostradamus: The Truth Behind the Prophecies Essay -- Prophecy Prophet

For Many years scholars and interpreters have been trying to find any accuracy thatcould possibly be tack in the writings of Nostradamus. For many cause people havebeen convinced that this man could see the approaching and he documented it in his manyjournals and books titled The Centuries. The writings and prophecies have been acontroversial issue for many years. Most Nostradomus translators have more than in all probabilitymisinterpreted his work because of his nearly illegible style of writings, thus false info is commonly found about this man of the past.Nostradamus, a French Jew reborn to Christian who lived in France in the 16thcentury. Born Michel de Nostredame on declination 14th 1503 in St. Remy, France. Hewas the oldest of five children. His grandfather, Jean, taught him Latin, Greek, Hebrew,mathematics and astrology at an early age. Nostradamus received a medical degree in1529 and became a physician. Nostradamus made his reputation as a doctor ofextraordinary skill gave generously to the poor. (Sobel B)Nostradamus was in his late when he frequently went into a pensive state andreported to have visions of the future. He began to document his visions in a number ofjournals in a mixture of Latin, French, and Greek quatrains, publishing his celebratedCenturies in 1558. Nostradamus had married twice, losing his first wife and children tothe plague. Living in France from 1503-1566 AD, do a living as a wealthy Frenchastrologist and physician, Nostradamus led an almost perfect life for his time.The Frechman also predicted his own remainder which occurred on July 2, 1566. I twas the end of his foretelling the future on this planet.De retour dambassade, don de roy mis au lieu,Plus n1en fera sera alle a DieuParans plus proches, amis, freres du sang,Trouve vaunt mort pres du lict et du banc.When translatedOn his return from the embassy, having secured the kings gift,He will be no more, (his spirit) having returned to God,nearby will be his close fam ily, his friends and his brothers,He will be found dead near the bed and the bench.Nostradamus returned to his home late in the daylight returning from a visit of the kingfor which he was presented with three 100 gold crowns. After being worn out fromthe carriage hop on home he decided t... ... predictions are fakemany do believe that he could accurately predict the future.Lets just think for a second, What could I predict for the future that will ensure myprediction to practise true? The first thing that I would do is predict something to recoverwith fire. Come on how many events in the past, present, and future dissolver in a fire? Iwould also predict it to happen in a large city like our ever so first-class Nostradamus.Answer this, how many things have happened in the city as result to fire. Eventually itwould fall down true and Nostradamus was no dummy. Is it wrong to assume that Nostradamus could in fact predict the future? From theinformation gathered it is easy to co me to the conclusion that the writings of Nostradamus fuel no more tell the future than a childs nursery rhyme.A prediction that can only be interpreted after the events it supposedly foreseeshave occurred is not a predition at all. Anyone could spew out a thousand unknownprophecies and not have to explain what they meant until after the events theysupposedly predicted had occurred. With this it is possible for anyone to coif a pretty impressiverecord for accuracy too.

Unit 5- Reflective Account

Unit 5- The principles underpinning the role of the practician working with boorren Introduction During my third placement, I worked at a babys agency and nipperrens centre. I was based in a baby dwell with children aged 0-2 years old. Although I was based in the baby agency I often helped off in the 2-3 dwell if it was busy and I was needed. In the baby room there were always three direct 3 qualified early years practitioners. This was the same in the 2-3 room plus a support practitioner. all told the children in the baby and 2-3 room had an soul learning plans this helped the children achieve the best they could egress of their time in the riding horse. All the planning in the setting was based on each single(a) childs individual needs and was age appropriate. All the children withal had key workers. The key workers carried out observations and were in charge of all the write up work involving the children in their group. Task 1- Give workouts of moorings in which you have worked as part of the aggroup P5. 1 Give examples of EACH situation in which you have worked as part of the teamAn example of a way I have worked as part of a team is helping out in the 2-3 room when the room was busy and the setting was short of staff. a nonher(prenominal) example of a way I worked as part of a team was by helping the practitioners obey parents wishes. An example of this was ensuring the babies didnt sleep for longer than their parents had said. For example there were twins who were 11 months old who attended the setting 8am till 4pm and were only allowed to sleep for an hour while in the setting. I worked as part of a team to ensure the setting was safe for the children at all measure.For example if the moxie pit or the body of water supply tray was out, the setting make it my responsibility to scotch up any spilt sand or mop up and spilt water to prevent an accident. A nonher way I worked as part of a team in the setting was to ensure at meal gen eration one of the children didnt consume any of the foods he was sensitised too. P5. 2 pull how you carried out the instruction manual abandoned to you in a creditworthy way I carried out instruction manual in a trustworthy way by helping out when I was needed in one of the other rooms.For example when it was quite in the baby room and the 2-3 room needed my help. I was asked by one of the practitioners to help her with the childrens lunches because she didnt feel comfortable doing the lunches on her own. I carried out instructions in a responsible way by listening to the instructions given by the practitioner and did what was asked of me. Another way I carried out instructions given to me by the practitioners in the setting in a responsible way was learning each childrens care bend which was asked of me so I knew how long each child was allowed to sleep for.If I was told to put a child to sleep, once asleep I was told to prove this information on the sleep chart. Because I put this child to sleep, I was then responsible to ensure this child didnt go all all over their limit. For example, if a child could only sleep for an hour, once the hour was over I then woke up the child. I carried out instructions given to me in a responsible way by sweeping up spilt sand or mopping up any spilt water right on when i was asked to by the practitioners. This was extremely important when maintaining any of the settings policies on health and safety.I carried out instructions given to me by the practitioners in the setting in a responsible way by sitting next to the child at snack or meal times ensuring the child did not eat any of the foods the child was allergic to. This was sometimes difficult because the child was allergic to many kinds of food. These included tomatoes, cucumber, brown bread and apples. P5. 3 Describe how you provided feedback to team members about a task in which you have been mired When feeding or helping the children eat their lunch, I p rovided feedback to the practitioners in the setting on how the child ate their lunch.For example, I provided feedback to the practitioners on what exactly the child ate, how much of the lunch the child ate, how long they took to eat it and whether or not the child fed themselves or needed help feeding themselves. I had learnt it was important for practitioners to build strong relationships with parents and I understood it was important I gave the correct feedback to the appropriate practitioners because the information was then forwarded to the childs parents when they came to put in their child. P5. 4 Reflect on each situation and identify where you could birth improvements and act on advice given to youReflecting back on each situation where I had worked as part of a team I would commence headway some improvements on the way I acted on advice given to me. For example, when a child in the setting had slept for as long as they should, in future instead of waking them up and lea ving them, I would dumbfound with the child in till the child was properly awake. Ways I was told to do this was by sitting by the child and reading them a story, singing a song with them, distracting them with a toy or obviously just talking to them in till the child got up to play.I would to a fault make improvements when ensuring the room was safe for all the children, I would do this by in future instead of waiting for one on the practitioners to key me sweep up spilt sand or mop up and spilt water I would do it as soon as I saying the hazards to prevent any accidents in the setting. Another improvement i would make in future would be if snack or meal times included any of the foods children were allergic to I would make sure the foods were not accessible to the children.For example if the children were having vegetables for snack, the vegetables are usually left in the mediate of the table and the children then choose which vegetables they wont by selection them and putti ng them in their bowl. This was where I had to be careful and watch the children carefully. In future I would not leave the tray in the middle of the table, id fragmentise up the tray and go round the children asking what they wanted, this way would have made it allot easier to ensure the child didnt eat and foods he was allergic to.Similar article How Different Types of Transitions Can Affect Children

Rubber Company

book of maps Tire and Rubber Company 1) What were map collection major challenges prior to the advancement of Walter Harrison as CEO? The main challenges faced by map collection were emulous and financial challenges. As for the first time from 1905 the play along was liner losses for consecutive 2 years in row as the company was facing a severe popturn. This was all because of the new challenges, which the company was facing due to their growth and expansion policiesThe company was also facing the combative challenges from the humbled prices import products which were affecting their price strategy resulting in low profits, heavy slump in the automotive market in the States also pulled back Atlas to regain its flagship. Due to all these the railway line prices dropped down to 20 years low resulting in cutting down of credit rating to junk bond status. So during this declining phase, the company inescapably some major transformational changes so that Atlas washbasin regai n its go down and pride back. 2) Why did Harrison contract on an incorporated sum up kitchen stove as a significant element of Atlas new strategical plan?As Harrison and his police squad found that Atlas lacked integrated add on drawstring capabilities due to which disjointed distribution network was there and mingled third partly logistic companies were used which lead to many problems and challenges. And logistics was lone(prenominal) considered as a storage and distribution function rather than a strategic cut ambit process. As Harrison came out with a strategic plan Seven Principle of Growth for turning around the Atlass fate. Harrison special focused on a professional and integrated allow chain.He focused on Integrated Supply range of mountains because he strongly feels that this would streamline the order and its fulfillment process so that they can be more accurate and mild to use because of their simplicity. The main focus was to deliver the proper(a) tir e to the right place at the right time while keeping costs and inventories low. Harrison wants to create an extra perimeter everyplace the other tire manufacturers by creating the much better receipts capabilities. 3) What did the UST President, Michael Brogran, do to better derive customer call for? UST business defines Atlas s U. S.Tire business, which has the worth of producing, and selling 100 million tires per year and was generating or so 50 percent of Atlas Revenue. Michael Brogran strongly feels that the superior total chain was a vision that existed only on paper so he just made a team to understand customer call for in a better way. The main step the team had interpreted was to work across customer verticals, which were Consumer tires, Commercial Tires and Off Highway Tires. This social dust help Atlas to better understand the customer needs in different segment and to meet them in different ways as needs were also different.As the part of this new alignment to understand consumers needs better Brogran facilitates cross company coaction to identify interactions and collaboration and to parcel out the best practices so that every department can better understand their customer needs for better visibility and control. 4) How did USTSC address the talent jailbreak that they had in the organization? U. S. Tire Supply chain organizations main objective was to integrate the planning and functional operations which include the responsibilities of contact centers, order management, pricing administration, distribution and delivery, billing and accounts receivable.USTSC was structured so that Atlas can understand & meet the needs of its customers that atomic number 18 classified under various segments likes consumer, commercial and off highway tires. The delineate goals of USTSC were Lower the supply chain costs, Boosting the customer services, Improvement in the strain management and associated working capital, Simplifying the supply chain processes & management of the business. ab initio USTSC came across major challenge with regards to talent gap.Reduction in headcount from several(prenominal) years impacted the internal supply chain analytical and feat capabilities. Moreover with five different 3PL (third party logistics) the focus was emphasized in managing the suppliers rather than the operations. After a thorough evaluation USTSC concluded that SCM (Supply Chain Management) was never a core competency of Atlas. In order to bridge circuit the gap USTSC obtained assistance from organization that had expertise in planning and managing the coordination compound supply chains.The synergy of these organizations was mutually beneficial to all the parties. Collaboration in supply chain planning, process development and service execution fetched superior results. Due to this synergy Atlas was able to supplement the expertise of globoses supply chain & worldwide was in a position to gain a broader insig ht of Atlass requirements and supply chain capabilities. USTSC experience a synergistic effect because of the Atlas-Global team and experienced more good customer-supplier 3PL working model. Thus the talent gap was bridged by USTSC . Comment on the effectiveness of Atlas efforts to improve team-based strategic collaboration ? With the synergy of Global and Atlas, Atlas was in a position to leverage the expertise of Globals supply chain & Global was able to derive a broader insight of Atlass requirements and supply chain capabilities. Alas-Global USTSC was able to develop team-focused, strategy-driven alliances that were unique in the 3PL industry. The organizations consistently well-kept an active & effective coordinated participation across the supply chain sphere.Interactive teams from the three organizations facilitated the planning, developed and executed the key supply chain activities in order to achieve superior supply chain. The collaboration in team was very effect ive and was result oriented. The SCM team and the steering commission used to do brainstorming sessions to figure out new supply chain initiatives & at the other end the operations team and the SCM team evaluated and ensured the potential projects that could be implemented effectively and are favorable.The relationship building between the organizations was effective and there was a strong executive support from the top management. The organizations attained mutual benefits and they experienced more effective customer-supplier 3PL working model. There was effective synchronization in the strategies with regards to process human body and execution. Allocation of resources was well planned and the responsibilities were well outlined. More focused on the opportunities available. The desegregation of the team performance was able to create superior supply chain capabilities within the industry. . As OBrien, what strategies would you recommend to Atlas to A) produce greater contro l over memorandum B) Optimize the flow of products in the supply chain. In order to gain control over stemma & to optimize the flow of products in supply chain Implementing a centralized system within the 33 company owned regional distribution centers so that the teaching regarding supply chain, any innovations and critical information are accessible to everyone at one single point of time.Effective integration of the 4 third party logistics providers services would generate superior results. soothsaying should be done collaboratively by the Atlas sales crowd and manufacturing group in order to arrive at accurate estimates. Implementation of the ERP system like SAP would make it easy to figure out inventory analysis.A centralized system like SAP would also create transparency, easy availability of data, accessible to concerned department in a well-timed(a) manner, constant flow of information, demand and supply of inventory can be balanced and can avoid instances like stock outs or over inventory carrying costs, more reliable and realistic, helps in decision making process, implementing a centralized approach in the transportation system, a well defined standard service parameter should be set and should get definitive by the compliance, regular audits and inspections should be done in order to ticktock if there are any violations.

Business Ethics in Brazil Essay

In this comparative survey of 126 brazil nutian and U.S. business concern professionals, we research the effect of bailiwick acculturation on well decisivenessmaking deep down the scene of business. Using Reidenbach and Robins (1988) multi-criteria ethics prick, we examined how these twain countries leavings on Hofstedes personal identity/ socialism Rafik I. Beekun (Ph.D., The University of Texas, Austin) is prof of Management and Strategy in the managerial Sciences Department at the University of Nevada, Reno. His current investigate interests be in the field of study of strategic adaptation, the link surrounded by discipline cultures and ethics, and the relationship between caution and spirituality. He has published in such journals as Journal of utilize Psychology, Human Relations, Journal of Management and Decision Sciences. Correspondence regarding this article should be sent to him at Managerial Sciences Department, Mail Stop 28, University of Nevada, Ren o, NV 89557-0206. Yvonne Stedham (Ph.D., University of Kansas) is an Associate Professor of Management in the Managerial Sciences Department at the University of Nevada, Reno. She has published in such journals as the Journal of Management and Journal of Management Studies. Dr. Stedhams research foc handlings on the following aras CEO performance evaluation, gender secernment in employment, ethics in business, decision making crosswise cultures, and managing knowledge workers. Jeanne H. Yamamura (CPA, Ph.D., Washington State University) is an Associate Professor of Accounting in the College of military control at the University of Nevada Reno. Her teaching responsibilities include auditing and accounting information systems courses. Dr. Yamamuras research focuses on the management of accounting professionals with a particular interest in cross-cultural differences and her work has been published in accounting and business journals. She has lengthy practical experience in the fi eld of accounting through her front employment in public and private accounting.Rafik I. Beekun Yvonne Stedham Jeanne H. Yamamura mark argon related to the manner in which business practitioners make honourable decisions. Our results indicate that Brazilians and Americans pronounce the estimable burden of exercises or decisions contrastively when applying utilitarian criteria. By contrast, business plurality from both countries do not differ significantly when they use egoistic criteria in evaluating the honorable constitution of business decisions. KEY haggling Brazil, egoism, ethics, national culture, U.S., utilitarianism As business organizations move from domestic to global and international competition, they argon finding that cultural values vary significantly across national boundaries, and atomic human action 18 likely to affect business practices (Husted, 2000). During the past decade, many(prenominal)(prenominal) researchers (Ferrell and Gresham, 1985 Hunt et al., 1989 Abratt et al., 1992 Hunt and Vitell, 1992 Tsalikis and Nwachukwu, 1991 Vitell et al., 1993) have noted the potential work on of national culture on ethics within a business context. What obscures the equal of national culture on ethics is that business practices may fight with honourable values in a manner that medicine, law and politics do not (DeGeorge, 1993). Not surprisingly, empirical research investigating the relationship between national culture and honorable decision-making is comparatively sparse (Vitell et al., 1993). A master(a) reason for exploring the effects of culture on ethics is the increase globalization of business. This trend, in turn, is characterized by a diverse array of inter organizational arrangements that exact cross-cultural inter accomplish. As a result, cultural misunderstandings atomic number 18 likely to occur. ane of the key beas where such mis- Journal of Business chastes 42 267279, 2003. 2003 Kluwer schoolman Publishers . Printed in the Netherlands. 268 Rafik I. Beekun et al. understandings take place is in the area of ethics, partly because of the influence that national cultures may have upon business ethics (Husted, 2000). t substantialyly, in our study, we explore the relationship between national culture and business ethics. We lead test to investigate what process underlies honourable behavior across national boundaries. cause this process may service global managers develop tools to promote good behavior in their international workforce. In this research, we compare two culturally diverse countries, the United States (U.S.) and Brazil, in order to identify similarities and differences with regard to approaches toward good decision-making in a business context. Since culture is a broad concept, it is unavoidable to specify the values that could be related to behaviors or practices (Husted, 2000). For the purposes of this study, we employ a well-established framework of national cu lture (Hofstede, 1980). Hofstede guideed one of the about important studies that ascertained the relationship between national culture and management. From this study, he identified several value dimensions along which countries differ. Using Hofstedes (1980) framework, we carried out a crosscultural, comparative survey to assess the relationship between his individualism/ fabianism dimension of national culture and honourable criteria. With approve to ethical decision-making, we adopted the official document offerd and clear by Reidenbach and Robin (1988, 1990).They have generated a set of scales that legal community the core dimensions characterizing polar perspectives of ethical philosophy. Defining national culture Hofstedes dimensions of culture Multiple definitions and conceptualizations of national culture exist (Hofstede, 1980, 1988, 2001 Kluckhohn, 1951, 1962 Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck, 1961 Ronen and Shenkar, 1985 Trompenaars, 1993). Although these frameworks and co nceptualizations typically philia on values, they differ with respect to the specific values that are include in their respective frameworks. For instance, Trompenaars (1993) focuses on values related to relationships such as obligation, emotional orientation in relationships, and involvement in relationships. By contrast, Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck (1961) try more global values such as peoples relationship to nature and time-orientation. With respect to our study, Hofstedes framework of national cultures is the most appropriate since he identified values related to economic action mechanism (Husted, 2000). Therefore, his framework is germane for the study of business decisions. Foc victimisation on national cultures, Hofstede (1997, p. 260) defines culture as the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one concourse or category of people from an separate. Thus, although the problems faced by groups (whether organizational or national) are universal, the solutions devised by each group may be relatively unique to that group. These solutions then become taken for granted over time, and may notify why people hold certain beliefs and coiffe the way they do (Schneider and Barsoux, 1997). Hofstede (1980, 1988) has suggested that five dimensions of national culture underlie differences in the behavior of individuals from different cultural backgrounds.Since these dimensions describe how individuals view and consider situations and behavior, they are likely to be related to how individuals engage in decision-making in planetary (Weick, 1979 Adler, 2002). Ethical decisionmaking, too, is likely to be affected by these dimensions of national culture. Hofstedes five cultural dimensions (1980, 1988) are power outgo, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity/ femininity, individualism/collectivism, and long-term/short-term orientation. Power distance refers to the degree to which slight herculean members in a country accept an unequal distri bution of power. uncertainty avoidance depicts a peoples ability to cope with double situations as well as the mechanisms they have created to avoid such situations. masculinity exemplifies a focus on material things, such as money, success, etc., whereas femininity refers to a focus on quality of life, caring, etc. individualisation, which pass on be discussed in more detail later, refers to the tendency of people to consider their interests and those of A Comparative Investigation of Business Ethics their immediate family that if. By contrast, collectivism refers to the inclination of people to view themselves as part of a bigger group, and to protect the interests of group members. Longterm/short-term orientation describes the time perspective people take when dealing with a situation. Table I represents the scores for Hofstedes cultural dimensions for Brazil and the U.S. While the scores indicate dissimilarities between the U.S. and Brazil on all five cultural dimensions, by far the largest difference appears in the individualism/collectivism dimension. Brazil scored low on individualism, and then is considered a collectivistic country by contrast, the U.S. scored superior on individualism and is considered an individualistic country.The individualism/collectivism dimension describes how individuals relate to others and to society, and represents the extent to which they are emotionally and cognitively attached to a particular network of individuals. identity describes the inclination of individuals to be primarily concerned with their personal interests and their immediate familys welfare (Hofstede, 1980). Members of a highly individualistic country view themselves as independent of organizations or institutions, and place a higher value on self-reliance and individual action. Collectivism, in likeness, describes a culture where individuals are viewed as part of a larger group, and look after each other. collectivised cultures protect the inter ests of their members in return for their loyalty. In collectivist cultures, chasteity is delimitate in terms of the benefits for the in-group (family, friends, work companies, 269 etc.), implying the maintenance of solidarity (Triandis and Bhawuk, 1997). Hofstede (1980) noted that the individualism/collectivism dimension carried strong moral overtones because this dimension was reflected in value systems share by the majority. For example, in a highly individualistic country, individualism is viewed as a strength and the major reason for the countrys accomplishments. By comparison, inhabitants of a highly collectivistic country view an emphasis on self as a negative attribute to be eliminated for the good of society. Competing ethical frameworks for business decisions Ethics are the principles of human conduct regarding either an individual or a group (Shaw, 1999), and represent the moral standards not governed by law, that focus on the human consequences of actions (Francesco and cash, 1998).Ethics often study behavior that meets higher standards than those established by law, including selfless behavior sooner than calculated action intended to produce a tangible benefit. With respect to this study, business ethics describe the ultimate rules governing the assessment of what constitutes flop or wrong, or good or bad human conduct in a business context (Shaw, 1999). In the assessment of ethical behavior, perception is critical (Hartmann, 2000). Indeed, ethical decisions may be influenced by our feature perception, by others perceptions of our actions, and by our perception of universal laws. As a evade I Cultural dimensions (Hofstede 1980, 1988, 2001) Dimensions of culture U.S. Brazil Difference Power distance Uncertainty avoidance 40 46 69 76 (29) (30) Individualism/Collectivism 91 38 53 Masculine/Feminine Confucian Dynamism 62 29 49 65 13 (36) 270 Rafik I. Beekun et al. result, our final choices may be determined by the perception that is the mos t great at the time. Further, Hartmann suggests that cultures may differ not only with respect to the ethical principles underlying decisions but similarly with respect to which of the three stakeholders self, society, and universal laws is express in any given situation. Depending on which stakeholder is emphasized, people from different cultures may vary in their assessment of the ethical nature of a decision. across most situations, ethical principles that distinguish reform from wrong actions are encompassed by several normative theories, e.g., justice, relativism, egoism, utilitarianism, and deontology. These theories can generate potentially conflicting interpretations of what is ethical or wrong, originating from the very nature of the theories themselves.Moreover, prior research (Cohen et al., 1996 Hansen, 1992 Reidenbach and Robin, 1988, 1990) indicates that individuals making ethical decisions do not select a single theory or philosophy by which to make their decis ions. In fact, Reidenbach and Robin (1988) found that a varying combination of ethical philosophies or theories is employed when ethical decisions are do. Shaw (1999) draws a distinction between two types of ethical theories, consequentialist and nonconsequentialist. Consequentialist theories suggest that the moral safeness of an action depends on the actual or intended results of the action. What is right is determined by weighing the ratio of good to bad that an action is likely to produce (Shaw, 1999, p. 45). A key issue underlying consequentialist theories is the nature of the beneficiaries of the action under consideration. Should one consider the consequences for oneself or for all twisting? The most important consequentialist theories are egoism and utilitarianism. Egoism promotes individual egocentrism as the guiding principle whereas utilitarianism advocates that everyone affected by the action or decision must be taken into account (Shaw, 1999). By contrast, nonconsequ entialist theories suggest that it is not simply the consequence of an act that matters, but withal its subjective character. Although these theories do not deny that con- sequences are morally relevant, they assert that other factors are also important in assessing the moral significance of an action. For example, breakage a promise is wrong not simply because of the consequences that result from time out it, but also because of the nature of the act itself. In this study, we focus on consequentialist theories for several reasons. First, Hofstedes individualism/collectivism dimension can be clearly and easily related to the two consequentialist theories. Second, the two theories represent the perceptions of two of the three possible stakeholders identified by Hartmann (2000), namely own perceptions and others perceptions.Third, staying within one theoretical category allows for a much more parsimonious, however thorough, analysis. Ethical perspectives and national culture hypo theses Whether egoistic or utilitarian principles are employed, ethics are a product of a societys culture, which includes its traditions, values, and norms. Within a society, ethical behavior is generally agreed upon. Francesco and Gold (1998, p. 40) explain that members implicitly understand how relationships, duties and obligations among people and groups ought to be conducted, and distinguish between their selfinterests and the interests of others. However, when two or more countries interact, they often find that their ethics differ. According to Hendry (1999), these differences may lead to three types of culturally based ethical conflicts. First, there are those conflicts where the ethical values typifying the two national cultures lead to differing conclusions what is deemed unethical from one perspective is considered to be ethical from the other. Second, conflict may muster when businesspersons from one culture consider something morally significant whereas their counterp arts from another culture are ethically neutral. Third, business people from two cultures may interpret a common situation differently even when there is some commonality among their national values. A Comparative Investigation of Business Ethics To investigate the relationship between national culture and ethics, we chose two culturally diverse countries, Brazil and the U.S. Given the differences in their respective national cultures, we anticipate Brazilians and Americans to differ in their assessment of the ethical content of business decisions.Accordingly, we propose the following hypothesis H1 The assessment of the ethical content of business decisions is a function of national culture. Egoism and individualism/collectivism According to egoism, the only valid standard of ones behavior is ones obligation to advance ones well-being preceding(prenominal) everyone elses (Beauchamp and Bowie, 1997). Promotion of ones own longterm interest is viewed as the only worthwhile objective and the only determinant of whether an act is morally right or not. Nothing is owed to others or to the organization that one works in. Those who gestate by this approach to ethics intensely believe that all unselfish efforts by others are really acts of self-promotion since an individual may have to help others in order to advance his/her own interests. Brazil is collectivistic whereas the U.S. is individualistic. As discussed earlier, persons from an individualistic culture emphasize their families and their own interests. H1.a When applying egoistic criteria to come close the ethical content of an action or a decision, respondents from the U.S. will be less likely than respondents from Brazil to see a decision or action as unethical. Utilitarianism and individualism/collectivism Utilitarianism, in direct contrast to egoism, is the moral doctrine that we should always act to produce the great possible repose of good over bad for everyone affected by our action (Shaw, 1999, p . 49). Although utilitarians also 271 evaluate an action in terms of its consequences, an action is ethical if it results in the greatest benefit or good for the largest number of people.Issues of self-interest are not germane since actions are assessed in accordance with one primary standard the general good. Utilitarianism has long been associated with social improvement and the promotion of actions that are in the best interest of the community. Actions are right if they promote the greatest human welfare. Brazil is collectivistic. Persons from a collectivistic culture focus on actions that lead to the greatest benefit for most members of a group. H1.b When applying utilitarian criteria to judge the ethical content of an action or a decision, respondents from Brazil will be less likely than respondents from the U.S. to see an action or decision as unethical. To be consistent with prior ethics research (Reidenbach and Robin, 1988), the above hypotheses (H1.a and H1.b) together sug gest that Americans and Brazilians rely on more than one ethical criterion when assessing the ethical content of an action or decision. However, we are also suggesting that when each specific ethical criterion they refer to is considered separately, people from different national cultures will vary in their assessment of the ethical content of a course of action or a decision. Methodology ingest data were collected from 126 respondents 92 from the U.S. and 34 from Brazil. U.S. participants included MBA students at a regional university as well as business professionals. Brazilian participants were all students enrolled in an Executive MBA program. We used MBA students in our study for two reasons. First, MBA students are a commonly used proxy for business people (Dubinsky and Rudelius, 1980). Dubinsky and Rudelius (1980) comparison of 272 Rafik I. Beekun et al. student versus professional evaluations found a high degree of congruity between the two groups. Second, since all stud ents (both U.S. and Brazilian) were currently employed by companies or had recent professional work experience, the sample can be used as a proxy for business professionals in both countries.Data collection The instrument we used was Reidenbach and Robins (1988) pre-validated, multi-criteria instrument incorporating the core dimensions that underlie several ethical perspectives. We selected this survey instrument because it is a multi-philosophy and multi-item questionnaire. As a result, it will enable us to assess both ethical dimensions of interest, i.e., egoism and utilitarianism, simultaneously. This instrument incorporates multiple items for each ethical philosophy and, therefore, is relatively more reliable than single item instruments (Kerlinger, 1986). Reidenbach and Robins instrument includes an initial set of scales that has shown evidence of high reliability and modest convergent validity with respect to U.S. respondents. The scales correlate highly with a univariate meas ure of the ethical content of situations. Hence, the instrument can be said to have high construct validity in the U.S. Additional reliability and validation efforts for the whole sample and for Brazil specifically are reported below. Using a seven-point Likert scale (1 = ethical, 7 = unethical), respondents were asked to rate the action in three scenarios using the criteria (items) described in Table II. The perception of and the criteria emphasized in evaluating the ethical content of a decision or situation depend on the nature of the decision or the situation. In accordance with previous research, scenarios will be used in this study to provide the contextual arousal and to motivate the evaluation process (Alexander and Becker, 1978). We adopted the three scenarios developed and validated by Reidenbach and Robin (1988, 1990).Table III presents the three scenarios used in this study. Data were collected by means of the abovementioned instrument administered to Brazilian particip ants (in Portuguese) and provided via compose instrument and website access to U.S. participants (in English). The Brazilian instrument was back translated to ensure equivalence. Efforts were made to establish the reliability and validity of the instrument in this comparative context and are reported as follows. We examined the reliability of the instrument by assessing its natural consistency through the use of Cronbachs alpha. Since we used three different measures (one for each of the scenarios), we calculated three inter-item coefficient alphas. The Cronbach alpha was 0.81 for the first scenario, 0.75 for the second scenario and 0.86 for the trey scenario. All three coefficients indicate that the scale items are internally con- tabulate II Ethics instrument scales Ethical perspective Items (Seven-point Likert scale 1 to 7)* Egoism Self promoting/not self promoting Self sacrificing/not self sacrificing Personally satisfying/not personally satisfying Utilitarianism Produces g reatest expediency/produces the least utility Maximizes benefits while minimizes harm/minimizes benefits while maximizes harm Leads to the greatest good for the greatest number/leads to the least good for the greatest number * Generally speaking, in the above bipolar scales, 1 = fair or just or efficient (ethical) whereas 7 = unfair, unjust or unable (unethical). A Comparative Investigation of Business Ethics

Coyote Blue Chapter 8~9

CHAPTER 8Meet the Muse, Mr. lounge lizard KingSanta Barbarasteam organ Kincaid waited on the steps of the Tangerine Tree c byeehouse intellection close the past die hards of lizards. A sm whole, brown comp permitely in alligator lizard was solarisening himself on the planter recess by the steps and his lidless eyes, surface plainly when chit-chating, re noused Calliope of a picture of Jimi Hendrix that her dumb name had kept neighboring to the bed when she was growing up. She wondered if this lizard really could be an in motor simple machinenation of Jimi, and what he mustiness feel corresponding living in the planter box in precedent of a cafe, eating bugs and hiding, after being a rock star.Between the ages of seven and nine Calliope had been elevated a Hindu, and during that time she had developed an acute empathy for other creatures, never sure what dame or beast cleverness near be Daddy or Grandma working mop up some karma. She had steern the concept int imately to the point of agoraphobia she was aghast(predicate) to go out of the house for fear that she dexterity crush some relative doing time as a stinkbug when her arrest locomote into NSA Buddhism and Calliopes spiritual focus was changed to school term so onenessr a doorbell with her mother, the simple machinedinal of them chanting for prosperity until the apart ments heater ducts began to vibrate. Evicted for disturbing other tenants, Calliopes mother dark to goddess worship, which Calliope analogousd because she didnt check to wear clothes to the rituals and in that location were al authoritys lots of flowers. When Calliope blossomed at thirteen and began to attract to a fault much attention from neopagan males, her mother bited to Islam, changed her daughters name to Akeema Mohammed Kincaid, and equipped her with a veil. Calliope, who had easily grasped the concepts of karma and rein automobilenation, of transcendentalism and peerlessness, of harmony with nature and the goddess within, was completely thrown by the concepts of guilt, self-flagellation, and modesty set eatward in Islam. She promptly s make believed one side of her head, dyed the remainder of her waist-length blond hmelodic phrase hot pink, and began crackings hallucinogenic drugs and sleeping with awkward, pimpled tough- male childs with mohawks. Men replaced religion, and Calliope accepted their seductive lies with the same open wonder she had abandoned the gods.In an attempt to clout nail her daughter out of a spiritual tail-spin, mummy dour Unitarian, besides Calliope had al throw slashed the ecumenical apron strings and Mom was left to hopscotching religions on her own. Currently she lived in an ashram in Oregon w hither(predicate) she acted as the spirit channel for a quadruple-thousand-year-old, super-en unclothe-cutened entity named Babar (no relation to the elephant).As a kid flake off exposed to so worldly concerny religions, Calliope had deve loped a plasticity of faith that stayed with her into adulthood. Th trigger-happy the assimilation of humansy spiritual beliefs, without science or cynicism to balance them, Calliope was able to define every intimacy in her world, accept the highs and lows of liveness with resolve, and never be burdened by the posit to actualise. wherefore to a lower place theme when you can believe? For Calliope, every event was mystical and every issue magical a flat tire could be a grammatical construction of karma, or a lizard might be Jimi Hendrix. If she fell in love too easily and got hurt too often it wasnt beauteous judgment, it was reasonable faith.She was humming Castles Made of Sand to the lizard when surface-to- station missiles Mercedes pulled up to the curb. She looked up and smiled at him, non the least bit concerned that he was cardinal minutes late. It had never occurred to her that he might non show. nary(prenominal)man had ever stood her up.She ran to the car and tapped on the passenger window. surface-to-air missile pushed the button and it whirred complicate. pay heed on a second, I pass water to do something, she give tongue to.She went almost to the front of the car and searched the grille until she found a moth that had met its end with minimal damage. She pick off the moth from the grille, took it to the planter box, and wiggled it in front of the lizard mend singing a few bars of Hendrixs Little Wing. The lizard snapped at the moth halfheartedly and sli in that respectd away under the geraniums to sulk. Calliope had been correct in guessing that this particular lizard had, indeed, been a rock star in a previous life, and if she had sung a chorus of L.A. Woman or Light My Fire the lizard would have been delighted, but how could she have attest apartn?She dropped the moth into the planter box and returned to the car.Sorry Im late, surface-to-air missile said.Its only time, she said. Im always late.I had them fix your car. He was trying non to look at her. Hed just gotten enough control of his nerves to hinge upon and he wasnt ready to be rattled by the girl again, but he wouldnt have approximation of not picking her up. During the whole whipstitching at the condo, the urgency to see her again had hovered in the privatenessing grunge of his mind and finally snapped him out of his confusion over the Coyote treat. Was she connected to the Indian?Thats sweet of you, she said. Did you look at the car?Look at it? No. I just had the garage come down.Its a great car, Calliope said. It has over three hundred horsepower, a six-pack of Weber carburetors, contestation suspension and gearing itll do over a hundred and cardinal on a straightaway. I can blow most Porsches off the passageway.Sam didnt deal what to say, so he said, Thats nice.I cut that women arnt vatic to superintend round things exchangeable that. My mother says that Im obsessed with vehicles because I was conceived in the mainst ay of a VW microbus and spent most of my childhood in one. We moved approximately a lot.Where does she live? Sam asked. He would ask her about the Indian, really, when the time was right.Oregon. I didnt build the car myself. I used to live with this sculptor in Sedona, Arizona, who built it for midnight drives in the desert. One day I was telling him that I thought that cars had replaced guns as phallic symbols for American men, and I thought it was interesting that he had one that was so small and fast. The following day he gave me the Datsun and went out and bought a Lincoln. It was very sweet.Very sweet, Sam echoed. flat or never, he thought. Calliope that is your name, right?Yes, the girl said.Sam put on his salesmans this is a serious count voice. Calliope, do you know who the-My name wasnt always Calliope, she interrupted. Sherman he was the sculptor started calling me Calliope, after the Greek muse of epic poetry. He said that I inspired men to art and madness. I liked the way it sounded so I took it as my real name. My mom even calls me Calliope now.Sam had brought thousands of sales interviews prickle into control when the client move to wander, he wouldnt let this girl go him. Calliope, who was the Indian-You know, the Indians used to change their names as they grew up and their personalities changed or when they did trustworthy things, like Walks Across the Desert and stuff like that. Did you know that?No I didnt, Sam lied. But I really need to know-Oh, theres my carSam let uped and pulled the Mercedes in behind the Z. Calliope, earlier you go-We cant have sex tonight, she said. I have some things to do, but I can cook you dinner tomorrow if you indispensableness.Sam turned to her, his mouth hanging open. She was smiling at him, waiting for his answer with her eyes wide, as if shed just been surprised. He recognise that every time he had looked at her shed worn that same panorama of wonderment, and each time it had thrown him . Dammit, he wouldnt be distracted. She was sharp, but he was sharper. He was in control here.Okay, he said.Terrific. I live at seventeen and a half Anapamu Street thats upstairs. Whatever you do, dont go to the downstairs door. Six oclock, okay? Without waiting for his answer, she was out of the car and away.Sam turn down the window and shouted after her. My name is Sam.She looked support at him and smiled, accordinglyce got into the Datsun and usher outd it up. Sam watched the little sports car tilt with the torque of the engine as she revved it. She burned-over off the back tires, filling the air with squeals and blue smoke as she pulled away.CHAPTER 9Quitting Now heavy(p)ly Reduces the prospect of Visions gloat Country 1967It was well forward dawn and no lights burned in the houses and shops of prevail situation as jailhouse piloted his old transport through town, a sleepy-eyed copper wobbling on the nooky next to him.How far is it to the fasting place? cra p asked.About two hours, but only fifty or so miles as the prevail drives. Get it, as the Crow drives? jail grinned at bruiser and took a swig from a pint bottle of whiskey. He and Harlan had communicationed and drunk all night after bullshits sweat. Now he was employ the road like a buttered harlot he was all over the place trance trying to stay in the middle and scaring fuzz, whose head whacked the window when chink got too much shoulder and had to yank the realize hold of motorhand trucks retreads back onto the asphalt.Could we slow down, slammer?Were not loss that fast. dogshit peeked at the speedometer, which registered zero, as did all the broken gauges in the truck. jerkwater caught pig looking and grinned again.I aint in any danger at all, you know. I seen my death in a euphony dream. I get shot, and it aint nowhere near this old truck. Nope, Im plumb safe in this truck, no matter what I do.What about me? copper asked.Dont know? Whats your death drea m?I didnt have one.Pokey looked down at bulls eye with a worried expression. You didnt?Nope, papal bull said with a gulp.Well then, if I wreck you could be plumb fucked. He began to waffle more radically, leaning hard into Samson as the truck slipped off the shoulder again. Oh, shit These tires ar bald too Dont worry, son, Ill dance for your apparition at the Sun DancePokey, stop it Samson had begun to giggle as his uncle leaned into him.Quick, go to sleep fast, and dream of dying on top of a pretty woman, Samson. Its your only chance.Pokey Samson was doubled over with laugh now as Pokey fishtailed the truck back and forth in the road while pumping the brakes and the clutch, causing Samsons head to jerk around like a rag dolls.Pokey shouted, Blacken your face, Samson Hunts Alone, this is a approximate day to die. indeed he slammed on the brakes and brought the truck to a skidding stop in the middle, of the road. Samson was thrown to the stem of the truck among a collection of old beer cans and soda bottles. Still giggling, he climbed back up onto the seat and began pounding on Pokeys shoulder. Pokey grabbed his hands and shushed him.Look, Pokey said, nodding to the front of the truck. Samson turned to see a great cow bull crossing the road in front of them.Where did he come from? Samson asked as he watched the bull lumber out of the headlights.Must of wandered off the Yellowtails place. They got a few head of buffalo.Good thing you saw him in time.I didnt see him. Them things are so aphotic they just eat up your headlights. I was just fooling with you when I stopped.We were satisfactory dealy, Samson said gravely.Nope, I told you we was safe. Now you quit being afraid of things that aint happened yet. Thats why I gave you that dream.Pokey geared up the truck and they rode in silence for a while, listening to the rattling grind of the old Fords engine. The tack was just getting light and Samson could see the new leaves approach path on the trees and the blossoms on the cotton-woods. He was glad his fast was to be in the time of the first grass. The days would be mild and warm, but not hot.Pokey, Samson said. What do I do when I get hungry(p)?Pokey took a extensive pull on the pint before he answered. You must pray that your suffering is accepted and you are given a spirit a stop _or_ abettor.But what do I do? What if I die?You wont die. When your suffering is too much you must go to the constitution World. You must see yourself traveling into a hole in the ground and down a long tunnel. You go forth come out into the light and you will be in the Spirit World. There you will not be hungry or thirsty. Wait there and your spirit helper will come to you.What if my spirit helper doesnt come?You must go back down the tunnel again and again, looking for him. In the buffalo days you had to have a spirit helper to go into appointment or people thought you were a senile Dog privation to Die.Whats that?A warrior who is so craz y, or so full of sadness, that he rides against the foeman just so they will kill him.Was my dad a Crazy Dog Wishing to Die?Pokey smiled and looked wistfully ahead. It is bad luck to speak of it, but no, he did not privation to die. He just got too drunk and drove too fast after his basketball games.They drove south through continue mourning band, where the only activity was that of a few dogs trying to clear their throats for the days barking and a few ranchers cadging wanton java at the feed and grain store. erstwhile through town, Pokey turned east on a dirt road into the rising sun to the Wolf Mountains. In the foothills the road became deeply rutted, and washed out in places. Pokey shifted into low and the truck ground down to a crawl. by and by a half hour of kidney-jarring bumps and vertiginous cutbacks, Pokey stopped the truck on a high ridge among the peaks of two jams.From here Samson could see all the way to Lodge Grass to the west, and crossways the green pra iries of the Northern Cheyenne reservation to the east. Lodgepole pines lined the mountain on both sides, as thick as feathers on a bird, thinning here, near the peak, where the ground was arid, strewn with giant boulders, and barren but for a few yucca plants and the odd tuft of buffalo grass or sage.There. Pokey pointed east to a group of car-sized boulders about fifty yards from the road. That is the place where you will fast. Ill wait for you on this side of the road if you need me, but you must only come up here if you have a tidy sum or if you are in trouble. Pokey grabbed a bag from the floor of the truck and turn over it to Samson through the window. Theres a blanket in there and some skunk leaves to chew when you get thirsty. Go now. I will pray for your success.As he walked down the hill toward the boulders, Samson felt a lump rising in his throat. What good is medicine if you die of thirst? What good is medicine, anyway? Hed rather be in school. This was no fun, this w as scary. Why did Pokey have to be so curious? Why couldnt he be more like Harlan, or Ben Cartwright?Once on the downhill side of the boulders Samson could see the place where he would sit through his fast a small stone fire ring under the overhang of one of the boulders. Samson sit down facing the sun, which was now a great orange ball on the eastern horizon.He thought of Grandma at residence. She would be displace Lucky Charms in everyones bowls about now, getting his little full cousin Alices insulin out of the refrigerator and filling the syringe, making sure everyone was dressed and ready for school. Uncle Harlan would be sitting in the living room drinking burnt umber and telling all the kids to be quiet because of his hangover. Samsons aunts would be pulling the blankets off the sweat lodge and loading them into the back of Harlans truck so they could subscribe them to the laundromat. Normally, Samson would be trading punches in the arm with Harry and Festus and dissim ulation to Grandma about having his homework done. He wanted to be at home with everyone else, not sitting by himself up here on a mountain. He had never been by himself before. He decided he didnt like it. For the first time in his life he was lonely.He tried to return of the Spirit World. maybe he could go there really fast, find a spirit helper and go back up to the truck so Pokey could take him to Lodge Grass and get a Coke thirty minutes, tops. Get in, get out, and nothing gets hurt, as Uncle Harlan always said, something he picked up in Vietnam.Samson tried to imagine the hole he would enter the Spirit World through. He couldnt do it. Maybe a prayer.O Great Spirit and Great Mother, Samson prayed in Crow. Hear my prayer. Please let me find my spirit helper so I can go home.He waited a moment. Okay, that didnt work, back to the hole in the ground.After two hours he grew bore and his mind wandered to the Ponderosa, then to school, home, the planet Krypton, the snack bar in C row Agency, the McDonalds in Billings, the damp basement of Lodge Grass High School, where Harlan had taken him and shown him old pitch-black-and- snowy films of his father playing basketball. He wondered what his father had been like. Then wondered about his mother, who had died when he was only two. Her liver quit, Harlan said. No one else would talk about the stone-dead. He tried to remember her, but could remember only Grandma and his aunts. The new contact of loneliness was getting worse.Maybe he could make up a vision. He could go tell Pokey that he had a vision and found his spirit helper and Pokey would tell him how to make his medicine bundle and he could go home. That would work. He thought for a moment about what animal he should pick for his spirit helper and decided on a hawk. He didnt know what hawk medicine was, but it was probably pretty good for you unless you raised chickens or something.Samson ran up the hill and just as he was cresting the ridge he began to s hout. Pokey Pokey I had my vision I saw my spirit helper When he reached the road the truck was nowhere in sight. He looked up and down the road, then crossed it and looked down the other side of the ridge. Pokey was bypast.Samson felt his lip set out to quiver and water fill his eyes. He sat down in the dirt as the first series of chest-wrenching sobs escaped him and echoed down the ridge. He buried his face in his knees and cried until his throat hurt. When finally he found the bottom of his sadness he looked up and wiped his eyes on his forearm.Why would Pokey just leave him? Maybe he just went to deal some beer. Maybe he would bring back a Coke. Samson suddenly realized that he really was thirsty. The sun was moving high in the sky and it was starting to get hot. He stood and looked around for a shady place to wait, but the closest shade was down by the boulders, and from there he wouldnt be able to see the truck sexual climax. He sat on a small rock by the road in the full sun.During the next two hours Samson chewed all his mint leaves and took to sucking pebbles to keep his mouth from getting dry while he drew pictures in the debris with a stick. He heard a car engine and looked up to see a cloud of dust coming off the road about two miles away. That would be Pokey.Samson stood on the rock to see if he could make out the truck. As the cloud approached, however, he noticed that it wasnt Pokeys truck at all, but a big powder-blue car unlike any he had seen before. He sat back down on the rock and was fighting back another(prenominal) fit of sobs when the car skidded to a stop beside him, bringing with it a throttling cloud of dust. There was a whirring sound and the car window slid down, revealing the big, round face of the number one wood, a white man, who seemed to have four or five spare chins under his first one.Excuse me, son. The driver smiled. I seem to have gotten myself turned around here. Would you know the way to get to Highway Ninety?Its a long way, Samson said. You have to go down the mountain into Lodge Grass, then go to Crow Agency. Thats where the highway is. The white man wasnt really white, he was more of a bright pink, and he smiled with his voice, like Samson was his best friend.You lost me, son. Lodge Grass?You have to stay on this road down the mountain, then you have to turn.I got you there, son, but which way did you say I should turn?Samson pointed down the mountain and the drivers eyes followed his finger, then he turned back to Samson looking confused. I dont suppose you are mien that way, are you, son?Samson thought for a minute before he answered. If this man would take him to the highway in Crow Agency he could walk home from there. Never trust a white man who wants to give you something, Pokey had said. Soon as you think you got it he will take it away and take everything you got along with it. But Samson couldnt figure out how the driver would take away a ride, and all he really owned was his hu nting knife. If the white man tried to take that, Samson would cut his gizzard out. Im going to Crow Agency, the son said. I can show you the way.Well, jump in quick, partner. Its hotter than blazes out here and its gettin in the car.Samson walked around the back of the car, remembering what Pokey had told him about not trusting white men. It was the biggest, bluest car he had ever seen. Maybe it was the heat, but it seemed to take a long time to walk around it. When he opened the door a blast of cold air hit him that instantly brought goose bumps to his arms and back He jumped into the car and stared in amazement at the vents in the dashboard where the cold was coming from. Hed never experienced air-conditioning before.Close the door, son. You want to bake us?Samson closed(a) the door as the car started moving. Its cool in here, and it emotional states good.The driver, static smiling, looked down at Samson and tipped the straw skimmer he was wearing. He was the fattest man Samso n had ever seen and he was wearing a powder-blue suit the same shade as the car he fill the drivers seat like a bagful of sky. Up close Samson could see that the mans skin was pink from little veins that ran through it like road maps.Thank you kindly, son. Names Commerce. Lloyd Commerce, purveyor of the worlds finest cleaning apparatus, the Miracle.He held out a fat hand to Samson. Samson shook two of the giant fingers with his right hand. He let his left drop near the handle of his hunting knife. I dont know what that is, Samson said. Im Samson Hunts Alone.You dont know about the Miracle? Well, Samson Hunts Alone, let me tell you in a few years the Miracle will be the quantity by which all vacuum cleaners will die. In a few years, if you dont have a Miracle in your broom closet you might as well just hang a sign outdoors your house saying We live in vulgarity. The Miracle is just the most pass on machine for the elimination of household dirt, dust, and disease that the world ha s ever cogniseSamson was amazed at how excited Lloyd was it seemed that the more Lloyd talked, the pinker he got. notwithstanding if it was rude, Samson thought he should interrupt before Lloyd hurt himself. I know what a miracle is. One of my aunts is a Christian. I dont know what a purveyor is.Lloyd took a deep breath and shot a smile at Samson. I am a salesman, son, one of the last truly free individuals on this planet. I sell miracles, son. Not just vacuum cleaners. I sell real loaves-and-fishes miracles. He paused for a moment and waited. Samson was hugging the car door, his hand on his knife thinking that this was the craziest talk he had ever heard from anyone besides Pokey.I know what youre thinking, Lloyd continued. Youre thinking, Lloyd, what kind of miracle do you perform? Am I right?Nope, Samson said. I was thinking about a Coke.Theres some in a cooler in the backseat, Lloyd tossed off, trying to get back to his point. Grab me one too, would you, son?Samson scrambl ed over the seat and dug into a cooler where a dozen Cokes lay in the ice around a fifth of rum. He grabbed two and slithered back over the seat. Lloyd took the Cokes and opened them. He handed one to Samson, who drank half the bottle in one pull.Miracles, Lloyd said.Samson didnt care how crazy Lloyd was life was fine The car was cool and quiet and smelled like spices. He wasnt thirsty and he was going home. Even on the rough mountain road the car rode like a cloud. He closed one eye and rested, keeping the other eye on Lloyd. Miracles? Samson said.Thats right I can make dreams out of nothing, wants out of dreams, need out of wants, and leave a dream in your hand. You know how I do it?Samson shook his head. This man was just like Pokey if he wanted to tell you something he would tell you even if you dropped dead and rotted right before his eyes.Well, son, it all starts with a smile at the door. When you hit that door people aint been sitting there waiting for you. They been sit ting around thinking about how miserable they are. They got nothing to hang on to, nothing to go on for. When they answer that door theyre as crop as green oranges, but I dont give it back to em. I give a smile of pure honey, and words just as sweet. I tell them what they want to hear. If theyre ugly, I tell em theyre looking fine. If theyre a failure, I marvel at their success. Before they got the latch off the screen door Im the best friend they ever had. And why? Because I see them as what they would like to be, not what they are. For once in their life they are living their dream, only because I make them think they are.But then they look around and get a little uncomfortable. If they got what they wanted, how come they aint feeling it? How come they still feel empty? Well, son, between you and me, there aint no contentment, no satisfaction, this side of the grave. You aint never going to be as pretty or as rich as you want to be. No one ever has, no one ever will. kinsfolk do nt know that, though. Folks think that theres an answer to that scary feeling that keeps riding them no matter what they do.Coyote Blue, Samson said.Dont talk nonsense, boy, Im trying to teach you something. Where was I? Oh, yeah, they think that theres an answer. So I give it to them. I watch their eyes while Im telling them how damn good theyre doing, and when they get right to the edge of scourge cause they cant see it, I tell them about the Miracle.Suddenly a clean rug is all that stands between them and all they could ever be. I take out my machine, and I vacuum up their beds into a little black bag. Then I have them boil that bag on the grasp until the whole house smells like a sun-ripe battlefield. You see, all that dead skin that falls off you in your sleep is in the mattress when you boil it the smell is disgusting. There is filth in these folks houses. How the hell you gonna be beautiful and productive with filth all around? You cant. Filth is the problem and the Miracl e is the solution. Now they want it.So we talk some more and I make like Im gonna leave, but they want the machine. I understand that, but they already got a vacuum cleaner. They dont need my machine. I guess a little filth never hurt no one. But they do need it, they say. They need it. And why do they need it? Because now its all they got standing between them and their dream. So I write them up. I take their money and I leave them holding that dream in their hand while I drive away. Wants, to needs, to dreams usually in forty-five minutes or less. Now thats a damn miracle, son.So you trick them, Samson said.They want to be tricked. I just provide a service. It aint no different than going to the movies or seeing a magician. You dont want to see that the pirates are using rubber swords, do you? You dont want to see the secret pockets up the magicians sleeves, do you? You want to believe in something that you know aint true, just for a while. multitude spend a lot of money and t ime to get tricked. And I get to drive a nice car, stay in good motels, eat in restaurants, and see the country in style.Samson thought about that for a while. Driving around in a big, cool, good-smelling car would be almost as good as living on the Ponderosa. Maybe better. Nobody on the reservation drove a car like this, and they hardly ever ate in restaurants, except the burger stand in Crow Agency. Maybe tricking people was the way to go. It sure sounded better than baling hay or fixing truck engines.Do you think I could sell miracles? Samson asked.Lloyd laughed. You got some growing to do first. Besides, it takes a man of character to handle freedom. Do you have character, Samson?Is that like medicine?Its better than medicine. You get yourself some character and come see me in a few years. Then well see.That settled it. Samson was going to get himself some character and sell himself some miracles. He lay back on the seat and closed his eyes. Lloyd started talking again. The word s were soft and swingy and soon Samson Hunts Alone, full of Coca-Cola and miracles, fell asleep.-=*=- Samson, wake up.Someone was trembling his shoulders. He opened his eyes and saw Pokey holding him at arms length.What are you doing up here by the road? Pokey asked.What? Samson looked around. He was on the ridge where he had sat down before the big blue car had come along. Wheres Lloyd?Whos Lloyd? Pokey asked. Ive only been gone a couple of hours. Why did you come up here? Did you have your vision?No, I went for a ride. I took a ride home with a man who sold Miracles.Samson, Pokey said. I dont think you took a ride anywhere. I think you better tell me what the man said to you.Samson told Pokey about Lloyd Commerce, about the car as long as a house, about selling miracles and tricking people and living the good life. When he was finished Pokey sat staring at the boy for a long time before he spoke. Samson, you had your vision. Im sorry.Why are you sorry, Pokey? Because I didnt fin d my spirit helper?I wish you saw a squirrel or a flicker, Samson, but you saw a vacuum cleaner salesman, Pokey said forlornly.But he was just a fat white man.He only looked like a white man. I think you saw Old Man Coyote.

The Train Station ( Creative Writing )

It was the cold seemingly eternal winter of 1947 in Paris , Latin Quarter. . Sheets of snow put the liberalization of the district in almost complete obscurity all provided steeples and tall spires were invisible, on such a bleak day as this. The railway piazza was a vast cavity made to pick up smaller by the hoards of hagglers, travellers, tourists, natives and locals. Beggar boys being whisked from sight and hidden by wardens with preying eyes and superstition written all over them. The wonderful sprightliness of the patisserie on the opposite side of the benches wafted around.Although it was only a railway station it held a certain grandeur, however it was not so now, for that was it in its creator glory. A truly different sight beholds me now,creepers and vines reach upward, like the emaciated fingers of a witch. Corridors with cracked flagstones out of which weeds protrude and moss lingers. Must hangs in the air. Rust continues to corrode the tracks, graffiti encapsulate s and engulfs the far wall. Tattered posters show a glimpse of what utilize to be of the place. Old newspaper flutters in the wind, aimless on a cushion of wind. Alcoves show the remains of where shops used to trade.Like a black and white movie no colour was really visible. whatever were,vaguely, but most not. Something strange hung in the air an almost haunt aura. Only smashed windows provided light. The old wooden sleepers lay decaying, riddled with termites and millipedes. cardinal years of decline and decay, decisions made, money paid,much to be gained as restoration is to begin, windows replaced, gray-headed tracks turned shiny again, wood turned concrete as the sleepers were replaced, graffiti became mosaic tiles, must became fragrance and dull became vibrance, grit became shine, and disused became used and indeed much was regained.

Disadvantages of Foreign Aid

An evaluation of blackberry Companys implementation of TQM Done by Sanad F Jumean 1 Table of contents _ Introduction&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&82123 _ around-the-clock improvement&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212-4 _ Employee betrothal&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212-4 _ Customer center&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&82125 _ Conclusion&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&82126 _ References&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&82127 2 IntroductionBlackberry is a brand that was created by research in motion (RIM) which is a global leader in wireless innovation, the meandering(a) industry was revolutionized with the introduction of blackberry solution in 1999, blackberry offers a variety of products and overhauls targeting b oth business customers as rise as individual customers, most of its products atomic number 18 smart phones that have the ability to lodge and receive push e-mails and instant massages with a high level of protective covering , it helps its customers connect more easily with the world regardless of the place, blackberry devices tush also be used as personal digital assistants, movable media players, and internet browser, the blackberry internet service is available in 91 countries around the world on over 500 mobile service operators. Blackberrys goal and vision statement is to provide solutions for the universal mobile communications grocery, including the package that allows the BlackBerry Smartphone to provide mobile opening to e-mail, applications, media and the Internet. Through the development of integrated hardware, software and services that support multiplex wireless network standards, blackberry provides plat crops and solutions for seamless access to time-sensiti ve information including e-mail, phone, textual matter messaging (SMS and MMS), Internet and intranet- found applications. 3Continuous improvement Blackberry Company listens to its customers by dint of votes on its website, feedbacks, and surveys throughout the world. Blackberry has a policy that shows those feedbacks into their routinely two calendar months software updates. Software updates include improving their current softwares that are being used by customers and adding unexampled features that coiffe up to the developers through customer feedback process and brainstorming of developers. Security measures are a major concern for blackberry improvements to the software include such security measures that are most important to business people who mold their work on their devices.Continuous improvements in Blackberry Company is not restrain to its software except also includes the body of the device, those improvements are mainly based on the previous shape of the alik e series of the device and reviews from users of the same series phone. Continuous improvement can also be seen in blackberrys emphasis on interminably training their employees and making sure that they have the necessary skills and specialties to compete in the market, as well as continuously evaluating their performance and determining what needs to be improved. Employee involvement Blackberry Company have 250,000 developers throughout the world, those developers come up with antithetic ideas about developing, improving, and producing a new product. They try to align their ideas through meetings, and therefore they present the conclusion of their ideas to the top management.If the top management gives the approval to the new ideas of the developers they apply their new ideas and creations through translating these ideas into products and services. During this stage the rest of the employees receive updated e-mails during all(prenominal) stage of producing the new product to ha ve an overview about the product for the interest group of answering customers wonders. 4 Customer focus Blackberry Company is mainly addressing business people in their device but at the same time they still focus on individuals voluntary to use their products or services. As previously discussed blackberry has various methods in make unnecessarying touch with their current customers and new potential markets.After evaluating the feedbacks whether positive or negative, the data gathered is then analyzed and grouped in the form of helpful information and knowledge that can be used to keep their products and services up to date. Because customers are the main asset for blackberry, most of the useful information gathered is actually taken into consideration by employees and developers and translate it effectively to their new or updated product or service. To support our prior discussion on customer focus, blackberry has awarded an employee that has applied their strategy through engaging customers in all of its research and development process, either as source of innovation, as a part of the product testing weapons platform in the redesign of the operational process. This award is called Blackberry customer focus award. 5 ConclusionIts important for different types of organizations to continuously evaluate how well they implement TQM, taking into consideration the major make of implementing TQM on the organizations performance and its position in the market related to its competitors, however, although blackberry company pays considerable attention on implementing TQM properly, focusing on important factors such as employee empowerment, customer focus, and continuous improvement, it has to do more efforts in certain areas such as employee empowerment by giving its employees the chance to be part of the production process earlier than just sending them updated e-mails during every stage of producing the new product or service. 6 References _ http//us. blackberry. com _ http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/BlackBerry _ Interviews with Mr. Mike Mefleh Blackberry Product Manger- Middle east. 7

Resilience in Children Essay

resiliency is how a squirt net cope with the adept and the spoilt things in their life and the ability to watch over and prosper even after confront set and hardships and is based on self-importance-esteem. The more resilience a child is the better they atomic number 18 able to cope with real life situations in their life right up to adult hood and sport a more positive attitude.In a paper by motion for Children, it states that resilience concerns the ability to bounce back. It involves doing well against the odds, coping, and recovering (Rutter, 1985 Stein, 2005). Masten et al (1990) define resilience as the process of, capacity for, or outlet of successful adaptation despite challenging or threatening portion. As a concept it appears to be cross-culturally recognised (Hunter, 2001).Masten et al (1990) pick out identified three kinds of resilience among groups of children. These ar Children who do non cede to adversities, despite their high-risk status, for example babies of low birth-weight. Children who civilize coping strategies in situations of chronic stress, for example the children of drug-using or alcoholic parents. Children who assume suffered extreme trauma, for example through disasters, sudden loss of a close relative, or abuse, and who turn out recovered and prospered.Resilient children, thitherfore, are those who resist adversity, manage to cope with unsteadily and are able to recover successfully from trauma (Newman, 2004).Some of the processes that are thought to tamper a part in promoting resilience experience managed exposure to risk, since this can provide an opportunity for coping mechanisms to be acquired opportunities to wield agency and develop a sense of mastery strong relationships with certificatory parents or commissions, or external mentors and other social networks positive cultivate experiences and extra-curricular activities and capacity to reframe adversities (Newman, 2004). I ensure that in my s etting the staff are given the skills necessary and the knowledge to rear resilience in the children we care for.Assertiveness is a healthy way of communicating. Its the ability to verbalize up for ourselves in a way that is honest and respectful. We promote this in my setting as a child who demonstrates assertiveness bequeath be more likely to ask for sustain only when they need it. e.g. if a child asked for dish up doing a jig-saw they know what exactly they want when enquire for help. They are too more likely to bring forth on with the labor once the initial difficulty has been overcome and they have been successful and pull up stakes learn from that.Healthy self-esteem is like a childs armour against the challenges of the world. Kids who know their strengths and weaknesses and odour proficient approximately themselves seem to have an easier time handling troths and resisting negative pressures. If a child is self self-confident within themselves and doesnt show fe ar when trying new things e.g. climbing up the steps of a slide. However, the staff need to be alive(predicate) of risk and the childs capabilities and be sure that they are not hampering the childs confidence by perhaps refusing to allow them to incur a risk due to age etc.Self-awareness and the ability to socialise and behave appropriately in different situations and is confident about themselves normally reveals a healthy well-being and resilience. Children with low self-esteem may not want to try new things and may speak negatively about themselves Im stupid, They may have a low leeway for frustration, giving up easily or waiting for somebody else to take over. They tend to be overly critical of and easily disappointed in themselves.One example of an blast we use in my setting to help physique resilience is based on the Attachment theory. John Bowlby emphasises the wideness of early relationships and quality of care for laying the foundations for healthy relationships and self-esteem in adulthood. Interventions based around attachment theory help to develop enatic awareness and sensitivity to their child. Sensitive, available and consistent child care practices  nurture children by establishing positive expectations about future relationships and a positive get word of self, which influence adaptive coping in later years (Sroufe et al, 1990). My setting provides this through a key-worker system, ensuring on-going and effective dialogue and working in confederation with the parents.Daniel and Wassell (2002). They describe resilience in terms of internal and extrinsic factors. The intrinsic factors are seen as three building blocks that are necessary for resilience A secure base the child smell outs a sense of belong and security Good self-esteem an internal sense of worth and competence A sense of self-efficacy a sense of mastery and control, along with an undefiled understanding of personal strengths and limitations.The extrinsic fact ors are described as At least one secure attachment relationship Access to wider supports such as extended family and friends Positive nursery, school and or community experiencesThis textile provides a useful basis for informing assessment of children, and planning and implementing interventions to promote resilience.In my setting I give the children lots of cheering and rise throughout the day to encourage their confidence and self esteem. If I praise the children they line up good and cheerful about themselves, hence building their self esteem. I would give the children small challenges that I know that they can succeed in to help build their confidence and self esteem e.g. saber saw puzzle because(prenominal) I would give them tasks that they provide need a little help to complete the task but I will sit down beside them and help and encourage them to complete it. Once completed, the children feel very proud of themselves. Praise gives children confidence and self este em and having good confidence and self esteem shows a child has good resilience.I would support and reassure a child when they feel scared e.g. showtime in my room for their first time away from their parents. Would reassure then by cuddling them, telling them its okay, distracting them with toys they have sex playing with at home. If a child nurses a bond and trusts the adults in the room they will feel more confident and comfortable. I let the children take risks as this schooles them their boundaries in what they can do and what they cant do. I also let the children play independently by letting them pick what they want to play with to build their interest and their own self-identity. If the children knows what they like and are interested in they will be very confident with themselves.During circle time is a majuscule opportunity for helping children learn new ways of how to cling to themselves. On activity we do is to get the children to make face ups of happy or po or and ask them in circle time to pick a face and ask why or just discuss when they would be happy or sad and what they can do to change this. This also helps develop awareness of emotions and empathy for others.Helping children protect themselves from child abuse is easier when you begin educational activity protection techniques at an early age. It is important to build effective forms of communication with the children by developing relationships and building trust. This circle time activity helps the children to feel comfortable about talking about feelings and emotions. This helps build trust betwixt me and the child and a feeling of comfort in knowing I, or the staff are approachable if something is worrying themI am soon in the process of liaising with the NSPCC about the validity of using imaginative/ bureau play as a forum for exploring what to do in veritable situations example Run, Yell and tell or the Underwear Rule. I also think the Play Safe is a good simple appr oach for the older children in my setting, Playing with friends is fun, but its no fun if you get hurt. I follow the Play Safe rules to make sure you have a good time. This is good I think because there are set out specific rules and some of the older children enjoy understanding rules and realising right from wrong.This is a useful tool as it helps children protect themselves in the instance another child hitting or smart them. They know to tell a member of staff so that they can help deal with the situation. Teaching a child deal with conflict is vital in promoting resilience and independence. The NSPCCs Underwear Rule contemplate support and assist staff to explain to children that where you wear your pants is a private place and no one should ask to see or fill that place. It also explains about good touch and lamentable touch good touch is a cuddle or hug which make a child feel safe or comfortable bad touch is something that feels unsafe or uneasy.Circle time is a good venue to also look at the issue of good secrets and bad secrets. (If an adult tells you a secret which makes you feel scared and anxious then this is a bad secret that you shouldnt keep but if it is a good secret that you get excited about then its ok to keep the secret). I think it is so important for us to teach the children in the setting that they can trust us and tell us anything they feel scared or anxious about and that we can help them deal with this situation.Parents are fully supportive of this and participate by go along this at home which supports any learning and confirms this for the child.Sources NSPCC website.Bernardos.Action for Children.

‘Resurrection Is More Likely to Be True Than Reincarnation.’ Discuss

Resurrection is more than apparent to be accredited than renascence. Discuss In discussing this statement, we must first define the words resurrection and reincarnation to decipher what they mean. Resurrection is the act of rising from the dead or returning to flavour and reincarnation is the rebirth of a nous in a refreshing body. There ar many problems surrounding the ii due to in the first place religious rulings. I provide be focussing mainly of the faith of Hinduism as they believe in reincarnation, and Christianity which believes in resurrection.Reincarnation is a common belief in the eastern donation of the world, with Buddhism as well as Hinduism, living the caprice of rebirth. In Hinduism each person has an essential self which is called the Atman, and is ever-living and downks unity with God. At corporal death, the Atman leaves the body and enters a nonher at birth. The sensible body is g angiotensin converting enzyme but the Atman remains the same. The circumstance of the body that the Atman re-enters is depended on whether in the previous life the person was morally good or perverting, if good it provide be in a higher status body, and if bad pass on be in a lower status body.This cycle of rebirth, birth and death is called Karma which Buddhism also follows, except they do non believe in a soul, but instead the five skandhas which be woven together and make a person attract karma. These two religions are heavily followed in the eastern interpreter of the world and so therefore it may be argued that because it is an accepted belief it is therefore approach pattern to believe in much(prenominal) an motif, however in the western part of the world where religions such as Christianity are followed it is not as accepted.Some would also question the fairness of suffering in this life for something in a past life which they cannot remember and that punishment doesnt have a value unless you understand what it is for it needs to be associated with something. However, Hindus would argue that karma is not seen as a punishment it is just bearing protrude the karmic fruits and is a part of the Natural Law, and if you cant remember a past life, that is a sign of wisdom. There have been cases where reincarnation has been seen to be identified, for example by an American professor of psychiatry, Ian St pull downson.He wrote a account book, Twenty cases suggestive of reincarnation, where he looked at cases where people had seen to be reincarnated from someone else in the past from India, Ceylon and Brazil. He used examples of children to make his judgement more reliable as they would not be influenced by society or money in such a way that adults might. In one case there was a boy, Imad, who talked about a family whom he used to live with, and the family had no tie to this other family at all.He gave the name of where he lived and the family name, events and people that he knew there, and could even direct t hem to the area of where he used to live. Stevenson later found out that a man, Ibrahim, had died there and which matched up to all the events that the man had seen. The reincarnation was not immediate but was nine years later. This extraordinary case gives laborious belief that reincarnation is true. However philosopher John Locke studied Stevesons book and suggests that the dead person has left behinf some psycic traces or husks and therefore has a memory of the previous life, and is therefore not reincarnated.Reincarnation completely goes against the teachings of many other religions, such as Christianity, Islam and Judaism as resurrection is the key to their religion. Without resurrection there would be no point to the religion. For Christianity, Jesus rose from the dead and ascended into heaven, so too will we come to resurrection at the end of time, when Jesus returns to the Earth. When the dead will jump from their graves and will be called up to God to be judged and the ba d will then go away to eternal punishment, but the clean-handed to eternal life.Fundamentalist Christians believe exactly what the Bible says and therefore will believe that we will rise again in physical forms as Jesus did. If this is the case, it implies that after death there is some sort of space and that they take up room, so where would this be? Would it have a climate or shelter? And famously Peter Cole said if we are all physical bodies then you will have to queue to see Jesus. Hick is a more modern philosopher, who came up with the idea of the Replica Theory. Despite not believing it himself, he described it as a thought process that tackles the idea of resurrection.If John metalworker disappears from one place and appears in other with exactly the same DNA, personality and physical matter, we must conclude that this is the same man, John Smith. then lets say if this happened, but instead of another temporal location, John Smith appeared in a resurrection world. It is the same man again, but in another world entirely. An issue with Hicks theory is that, how would we be recreated in the other place, and sure as shooting a replica of someone would have exactly the same bodied problems as the original person. If someone was ying for example, their replica would also be death as it is exactly the same. But Hick also brings up the idea that we have a new resurrection body created by God that is without earthly defects. A more viable answer to resurrection that some Christians believe is that the soul is resurrected and that spiritual body will live on. The idea that the resurrected body will be forever in eternal life links in with Kants idea of the Summum Bonum which is the highest good, in heaven, and suggests that because there is terror in the world, erst resurrected with God, He will make everything alright.In conclusion, reincarnation come outs to be more likely to be true than resurrection due to the fact that resurrection brings out more questions than answers to it, sort of than a simple concept of karma. Studies have been examined with reincarnation, and not in resurrection which gives more evidence for the theory of reincarnation to be true. Reincarnation may seem prominent in many peoples lives without knowing it as deja vu may be a sign of this, which I can relate to myself.

Implementing change Essay

Managers be entrusted with a attractorship office faculty for an brass with an aim to set out objectives and shit the right environment and effective techniques to meet those objectives. There are supposititious(a) to come up with creative ideas on the alter needed in the organization and how that switch should be implemented with minimal difficulties while at the same time reaping maximum benefits from the flip. A four-in-hands role and responsibility in implementing tilt One major step towards achieving this is of variant through having a very clear sense of goals.When the bonkment is outfit with a clear sense of goals and objectives, and so it will be contingent for an organization or an intromission to have a new-fashioned direction. The theatre director is grievous at this stage. He or she is responsible for coming up with specific objectives and determining what direction the institution is mantic to fritter. It is imperative that the leader or in this c ase the motorbus learn to be longanimous beca accustom in m whatsoever cases miscellany guides patience. As a manager, one should be well informed on his or her team up so as to have a good knowledge on which members erect be best used. Banutu & angstrom unit Banutu 2003)The occupation of management in times of implementing change demands good communication skills. One of the managers main tasks is relaying ideas, mission, goals, and objectives of the institution to the subordinates. It is therefore important that the manager is skilled in communication so as to effectively hammer the point home. Good communication skills are two way. The manager should also be a good observer and listener so as to understand any information or feedback that may be coming from the team members.Managers should also act as role models to their team by for instance setting an example of sacrifice. To cook up the process of change easier, the managers behavior should provide a model for motivat ion. He or she should be ready to listen to team members, respect them, delegate some powers to them, and assist them. Such characters and actions go a long way in motivating the team and elevating their interest to the task at hand. Team members are non only inspired with a mission however also motivated to initiate novelty and new ways of thinking.For a change process to be successful, the manager is supposed to build trust among group members and agree that they think and work as a unit as opposed to working as individuals. The manager should be able to nurture intimacy among members, demonstrate self confidence, integrity, and honesty. He or she should be able to connect real life ain experiences with transformational requirements or behaviors of the institution. The manager should have a strong sense of involution with the team and its activities. This way, the influence process becomes easier and more effective.It is imperative the manager fully understands the task ahea d and relays that to the subordinates. This attribute should be coupled with high take cargo to the institution. Integrity and consistency are paramount in the change process if the laid down objectives are to be realized. (Banutu & Banutu 2003) manipulation provide bulwark to change One of the most common characteristics in the change process is bulwark towards change by members of the organization. Though resistance to change is mainly viewed negatively, it can have positive outcomes too.For instance, round resistance can lead to a functional conflict. This sought of conflict stimulates a healthy argument among members and the leadership as well. Such a debate sheds light on the various faces of change and ultimately leads to a develop decision in the end. Staff resistance though could act as a major obstacle to an organizations pursuit to strain change and progress. If the rung is adamant to change its mindset to fit and hold with changing times, then the organiza tion will experience difficulties adapting and achieving progress.Managers are supposed to come up with ways to deal with staff resistance and ensure that the staff is collaborative instead of the other way round. (Kelly 1992) Communicating with staff members is a significant step in dealing with resistance. The leadership should take its time in demonstrating the logic of change to the staff and get disembarrass of any chances of misinformation or mis collar. As indicated earlier, involvement of the staff in decision making is a beneficial tactic in ensuring that staff members not only implement change but also feel as be a part of it.This reduces the level of resistance, increases the change quality of the staff, and achieves commitment from the staff. The manager can also provide individuals who can handle and manage change activities or act as one. The manager or the change agents can offer facilitation and support to staff members so the idea of change and its echt implement ation can be easier and more understandable. (Holton 2003) Another rule through which managers can avert potential resistance is through negotiation with the staff. The management can offer the staff something like a bribe in exchange of lessened resistance.The manager should however be untrusting of blackmail because some staff members may take advantage of this and demand rewards in any event of a change process. When clean strategies bring out or deemed unreliable to avert staff resistance, the manager can use cooptation and manipulation techniques so as to achieve his or her ends. Making facts odour appealing more than they re aloney are and hatching force rumors can get the staff to accept change and actually look off to its implementation. The personalities leading the resistance can be bought off by the manager by offering them important positions in the change process.They are do to feel as if they bindd in opposing change but in actual sense the plan goes unhitched. The last trick on the book is the use of coercion. The manager gives direct threats to the staff members and applies direct force. opposite measures include transfer of members, demotion, poor letter recommendation, or outright firing. It is important that the staff understands they are not indispensable as the change that the organization is seeking is more important than an individual career. (Bass & Avolio 1994) Steps of the change processThe management with the collaboration and active participation of the staff should engage themselves in assessing the organizations goals and objectives. There should be an extensive understanding of why the organization is taking the change path and how well outfit it is to actually implement its objectives. In the event that the management feels time is not ripe for a particular change process to be initiated, then it can be shelved until the right time comes. The management should put all facts on the table and analyze them before it st arts to implement them.All possible scenarios to the process should be considered. In the provision process, it is important that the manager ensures that staff members fully comprehend the plan ahead of them. It is also important that staff members are to a certain level involved in the process. The reasons for development participation, as discussed earlier, is to gain the collaboration of the staff and reduce chances of resistance. Carrying out the actual change process calls for dedication from everyone involved. Any challenges such as staff resistance should be dealt with swiftly.During the evaluation, the management should go back to the aims and objectives outlined during the planning process. External evaluators should be invited so as to avoid any chances of bias. (Banutu & Banutu 2003) Conclusion Only one thing is certain in any place and that is change. Organizations, just as human beings, are in a process of change. It is up to the management to ensure that this is change is to the positive. The modern humankind is characterized by cutthroat competition and there is no room for being stagnant.