The effects roe vs wade had on society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The effects roe vs wade had on society - Essay Example This essay examines the effects of the legalization of abortion on the United States political spectrum and on the effect it has had on the rights of women, and also attempts to quantify a shift in moral standards that critics and religious leaders claim are a direct result of the Supreme Court’s decision. One of the main effects of the Roe vs. Wade Supreme Court ruling has been the significant reverberations felt by the political spectrum. In the wake of the decision the Republicans and Democrats political parties experienced a decisive split in perspectives that further divided the two major groups (Aster 8). With the election of Ronald Reagan in 1980, the Republican Party defined itself as pro-life (Aster 5). During 2004, the Republican platform outlined their position stating, â€Å"†¦we say the unborn child has a fundamental individual right to life which cannot be infringed (Doan 90).† The same year the Democratic Party issued a pro-choice proclamation, â€Å"Because we believe in the privacy and equality of women, we stand proudly for a woman’s right to choose, consistent with Roe v. Wade (Doan 91).† Whereas previously party affiliations had been contingent on the member’s education or income level, the world after Roe vs. Wade increasingly expe rienced divisions based further on religious distinctions (Aster 194). As the two parties become increasingly divided in their political perspectives, a number of analysts and cultural critics noted a decrease in productive dialogue between the competing parties. For example, since the decision the appointment of Supreme Court Justices has focused predominantly on their stance on the abortion issue (Aster 198). Another important impact Roe vs. Wade had on society was changing the status of women. Feminists argue that the legalization of abortion has given women greater control over their lives and futures and had

Health Care Spending Essay Example for Free

Health Care Spending Essay Healthcare is a very important sector in the countries around the world. The countries and the government always keep some money in their budget in relation to the health care activities in their countries. In the United States of America also, there are certain provisions in relation to the health care. The paper shall discuss about the health care spending in relation to United States of America. It shall discuss about the current level of health care expenditure in United States of America. There are shall be a lot of discussion in relation to the fact that whether the expenditure on health care in United States of America is appropriate or not. It shall also discuss about the manner in which the health care needs of the people in United States of America are paid by the government. In the end of the paper, there shall be a forecast in relation to the health care spending in United States of America. All the above said things shall be discussed in detail in the current paper. The government of United States of America has made a lot of provisions in relation to the expenditure of health care facilities in United States of America. In the United States of America, the health care spending has been increasing continuously (Hawe, 2008). There have been a lot of funds kept by the government of United States of America in its budget in relation to the health care services. In the year 1990, the expenditure made by the government of United States of America in relation to the health care spending was $714 million. Since then, the amount of expenditure on health care has increase to $2. 3 trillion. This is around 3 times of what it was in the year 1990. The government of United States of America is spending around 16% of its total gross domestic production on providing the health care facilities to the people. It is estimated that around $7600 are spent by the government of United States of America for each and every resident in the country. In this way, it can be said that the expenditure in relation to health care in United States of America is quite good and the country is taking adequate steps for making sure that adequate health care facilities are provided to the people in a proper and appropriate manner. The health care spending of the United States of America is the highest all around the world. There is no problem with the extent of money spend by the country towards the health care. Other countries around the world are also spending some money towards the health care but the expenditure made by the government of United States of America is the highest. Currently the expenditure incurred in United States of America towards is adequate and appropriate. It has to increase only with the increase in population. According to the per capita expenditure, the current expenditure in the country towards the healthcare is appropriate. When the country makes the budget in relation to the health care expenditure, then it has to take care that adequate expenditure is incurred on each and every activity related to health care. The government of United States of America should make sure that it spends appropriate expenditure on each and every area of the health care. The expenditure should be more on the critical areas and it should be reduced on the areas which are not very difficult to handle for the government. The government of United States of America should make sure that it increases the expenditure of the health insurance of those people which are not in a position to afford the costs for themselves (U. S. Health Care Costs, n. d. ). The government should also increase the expenditure in relation to the funds provided to the health care organizations for providing the benefits to the poor people in the United States of America. The government of United States of America should also increase the expenditure in relation to some specific and high risk diseases such as Cancer, Aids etc. If the expenditure shall be reduced in relation to the above said activities then, there is a possibility that the people in United States of America shall be benefitted to a very high extent. Other than the above areas, there are certain areas in which the government of United States of America should look to reduce the expenditure. The cost on some of the areas in the health care should not be reduced to the extent it hampers the health care services. If there is a requirement to reduce the health care costs then, these should be reduced only till the services are not affected in a negative manner. The areas in which unnecessary costs are incurred by the government should be recognized and the costs should be reduced in those areas. In the United States of America, there are adequate sources used for the purpose of financing the health care services in the country. In the country, the funding for the health care services is done together by the government and the non government agencies in the country. While preparing the budget, the government of United States of America keeps a percentage of funds in relation to providing the health care services to the people who are in need and also the people which are not able to have the health care insurance for themselves. Other than the government of United States of America, there are various other forms of associations which work for the purpose of providing the health care services to the people. They not only provide the health care services but also provide the financial for the insurance of the patients. There are few programs also in relation to the same. The programs include Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program, Community Health Accreditation Program and various other programs. The health care finance in the United States of America are funded by the above said facilities and things. In the United States of America, the government and the non government associations share 50% of the expenditure each. In this way, there is a proper sharing the expenditure. For the last few years, the healthcare expenditure in United States of America has been increased considerably at an increasing rate. It is expected that the healthcare expenditure in United States of America shall increase in the same rate as it was increasing earlier (Scambler, 2008). In the year 2007, the health care expenditure in United States of America was $2. 2 trillion. This amount increased to $2. 3 trillion in the financial year 2008. In this way, there was a definite increase in the health care expenditure in the two years. It is expected that the health care expenditure will grow even more. In the year 2013, the healthcare expenditure is expected to reach the figure of $3 trillion and in the year 2017, it is expected that the health care expenditure shall reach the figure of $4. 3 trillion. In this way, it can be said that there is a forecast of increased expenditure on health care in the years to come. The chart below provides the forecast for health care in a proper manner. This chart is showing the healthcare expenditure in United States of America. The government of United States of America is spending a lot of money on the healthcare services in the country. With the kind of expenditure, the government of United States of America is spending on the health care facilities in the country, it can be said that the government is spending sufficient amount of money on the health care facilities.

Essay on Okonkwo and Nwoye in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart

Understanding Okonkwo and Nwoye in Achebe’s Things Fall Apart  Ã‚   Two passages from the story Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe, provide the reader with a more profound understanding of Okonkwo, and his son Nwoye.   The two do not have a good relationship and it becomes worse as the story progresses.  Ã‚   Throughout the book the two become increasingly distant and it is apparent that Okonkwo is very disappointed in his son.   After the death of Ikemefuna, Nwoye begins to question many aspects of his life, especially religion.   As the Christian missionaries spend more time with the members of the village, Nwoye becomes interested in this new religion.   The first passage I have chosen discusses Nwoye’s feelings about Christianity.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"But there was a young lad who had been captivated.   His name was Nwoye,   Okonkwo’s first son.   It was not the mad logic of the Trinity that captivated him.  Ã‚   He did not understand it.   It was the poetry of the new religion, something felt in   the marrow.   The hymn about brothers who sat in the darkness and in fear seemed   to answer a vague and persistent question that haunted his young soul - the   question of the twins crying in the bush and the questions of Ikemefuna who was   killed.   He felt a relief within as the hymn poured into his parched soul.   The words   panting earth.   Nwoye’s callow mind was greatly puzzled (147).†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This passage shows the reader that Nwoye is extremely different from many members of his family and the other members of the village.   After Okonkwo learns that his son is interested in the new religion he is furious.   Okonkwo has always been disappointed in his son.   He believes that Nwoye is not as strong as a man of their clan should be.   When Okonkwo was Nwoye’s ... ... clansmen, his ancestors, and worst of all himself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the beginning of the story, Okonkwo’s relationship with his son was strained.   Toward the end of the story, Nwoye has left is his family and will never see his father again.   The elders of the village put much emphasis on family life and helping fellow clansmen.   Okonkwo’s family life had increasingly gone downhill as the story progressed.   This book can be related to any family, even though it was written in a different time and place.   Family problems affect everyone and this story shows the reader how certain problems are dealt with.   I don’t believe, however, that Okonkwo’s family took care of their problems in a productive manner.   With better communication, Nwoye’s leaving and Okonkwo’s death may have been prevented.    Works Cited: Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart. Oxford: Heinemann, 1986.

Social Marketing For Health Health And Social Care Essay

Fleshiness is common among grownups and kids and its prevalence is lifting twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours the hazard of fleshiness has increased twice since 1980 ( WHO, 2011 ) . Harmonizing to World Health Organisation, Obesity and overweight are the 5th chief cause for deceases globally. Harmonizing to a study one of the major causes of increased fleshiness in the kids is decreased physical activity, for illustration there is a alteration in the life manner of the kids every bit good as grownups due to increase in the ( John J Reilly, Ahmad R Dorosty ) . Fleshiness is considered as the most noticeable factor turn toing the length of service of the people all over the universe ( Stephen Holt ) . Harmonizing to the statics from NHS information Centre for wellness and societal attention ( 2011 ) about a one-fourth of grownups aged 16 or above were considered as corpulent in the twelvemonth 2009, that is 24 % of adult females and 22 % of work forces are classified as corpulent.What is fleshiness?European research workers classified fleshy as at or above 85th percentile and fleshiness every bit at or above 95th percentile of BMI ( Dehghan, Danesh and Merchant, 2005 ) ( paraphrasis ) Fleshiness is a status where the cholesterin bed accumulates in the organic structure and adipose tissue of the tegument to a point where it becomes a wellness hazard. The human organic structure can afford to roll up a small excess fat but when the fat accretion exceeds the minimal extent, it interferes with the general wellness issues and becomes a cause of great concern.How do I happen out whether I am corpulent?The easiest and most efficient manner to happen out if you are corpulent is to look into your organic structure mass index. The organic structure Mass Index ( BMI ) is calculated by spliting a individual ‘s organic structure weight by his/her tallness. The statistical benchmarks set by World Health Organization ( WHO ) define a BMI of 25 or more as ‘overweight ‘ 25, and a individual with a BMI of 30 or more is labeled as ‘obese ‘ . However it is observed that chronic wellness hazards increase from a BMI value of 21 onward.Badness of the job:In the United Kingdom, fleshiness in kids increased from 9.9 % in 1995 to 13.7 % in 2003.3 Childhood fleshiness is a world-wide issue, approximately 10 % of school age kids all over the universe are estimated to be corpulent or fleshy ( Janet James, 2007 ) .Factors doing the job:The present life manner is wholly filled with mental emphasis and people are busy with their modus operandi activities which is impacting the their life manner without holding clip to pass for healthy activities like some exercising and holding a healthy diet. These factors may take to fast nutrient civilization and sedentary life manner which is considered as one of the major factor in fleshiness. The accustomed activities like passing more clip in indoor games like picture games and watching the telecasting for drawn-out periods which affects the physical activity taking to a sedentary life manner may increase the opportunity of going corpulent ( Dehghan, Danesh and Merchant, 2005 ) . The instability between the Calories consumed and the sum of energy spent is an of import factor that causes the fat to roll up in the organic structure doing fleshiness ( WHO, 2011 ) . The nutrient behaviors are considered as another of import factor for fleshiness. Devouring the high fat content nutrient like fast nutrients and taking surplus of nutrient as a wont. The personal behaviors like extra consumption of intoxicant and smoke wonts are besides considered as the causes of fleshiness ( Evans et al, 2010 ) .What are the inauspicious effects associated with fleshiness:Fleshiness may do multiple jobs including physical, physiological and psychological jobs. In add-on to being a cause of physical hurt for the individual, fleshiness paves manner for assorted chronic diseases every bit good. The assorted medical jobs that can be initiated or aggravated by fleshiness include diabetes, malignant neoplastic disease, high blood force per unit area, unnatural blood fats, degenerative arthritis, sleep apnoea, fatty liver diseases, saddle sore vesica diseases, birthrate and gestation jobs, in add-on to the physical uncomfortableness and psychological emphasis ( WHO, 2011 ) . VanItallie,Peoples acquiring affected by the job: high hazard personsThe kids who do non take part more in out-of-door activities like playing out-of-door games and activities like cycling etc. The people with hapless economical position are besides affected more with fleshiness jobs and the illiterate people who have hapless consciousness on the healthy diet and healthy life styles.Why to concentrate on a peculiar groupThe England is the first in fleshiness in Europe. The adolescents are focused because adolescent age is considered as the cardinal age to larn and develop behaviors. So if healthy behaviors are initiated in the teens the fleshiness and the jobs associated with it might be controlled in the hereafter.How it can be achievedBy developing a community that is cognizant of the jobs that are associated with fleshiness and encouraging teens for more physical activity may acquire alteration in the behavior of immature people. Schools play a critical function in forestalling the childhood fleshiness. It might be helpful if schools develop some intercessions to promote healthy diet and physical activity. Making consciousness among all the household members might be more effectual because there is some grounds that parents with fleshiness job are more likely to hold corpulent kids due to nutrient behaviors, life style and some familial factors ( John J Reilly, 2005 ) . The parents are educated by explicating the hazard factors associated with the fleshiness and they are besides advised to promote the activities like outdoor games which include physical work ( Davis, 2007 ) . By reding and regular showing of their weight. Orr ( 1998 ) states that educating about the measures and thermal values of nutrient by the parents and making a user friendly environment which encourages the physical activity give the satisfactory alteration. Orr ( 1998 ) besides suggests that the eating houses and the local shops might besides take portion by supplying the selective low fat and rich alimentary diet.What is societal marketing write it‘the application of commercial selling engineerings to the analysis, planning, executing, and rating of plans designed to act upon the voluntary behavior of mark audiences in order to better their personal public assistance and that of society ‘ ( Andreasen, 1995 ) .Selling schemes forIn 2009, the figure of prescription points dispensed for the intervention of fleshiness was 1.45 million ; this is more than eleven times the figure in 1999 ( . The selling schemes should be developed in a insouciant manner that focuses on the normal state of affairss in the society. These intercessions should develop by sing the ego efficaciousness of the persons and considerable societal support is provided to them. Making proper consciousness, supplying with the proper cognition on the issue and making the environment that encourages the coveted behavioral alteration may give satisfactory results than concentrating on the peculiar or individual intercession. The selling intercessions are made harmonizing to the kids psychological science, for illustration if the kids are passing their maximal clip in forepart of the screen so promoting them to see the programmes that educate about wellness and programmes that create involvement in out-of-door games may demo a positive alteration.( Social selling scheme for battling fleshiness )The societal selling scheme against fleshiness follows the bench grade standards which includesWhat is the result expected:The voluntary behavioral alteration is the of import result expected from the societal selling. Behavioral alterations like increased physical activity, taking healthy diet like fruits and veggiesExpected behavioral alteration or aim:The behavioral alteration is expected from the mark group that is the kids,Cleavage of audience:Anderson, ( 2005 ) suggests that it about impossible to advert each and every person in the society because the every attack does non suit for all persons. Grier and Bry ant ( 2005 ) claims that the mark end is non suited for all because it depends on the assorted factors like, personal behavior and experiences, single attitudes and demographic variables like age and ethnicity besides show impact on the people. So sectioning the audience is really of import for an effectual societal selling, the cleavage will assist in making the mark group. Segmentation besides helps in concentrating the people with high hazard and to concentrate on the peculiar group to act upon behavioral alterations. The kids between the age of two and 15s are selected the choice include both the genders and the kids from the hapless economical background are more targeted because there is a relationship between economic position and fleshiness ( Youfa wang, 2001 ) .Target audience:The immature adolescent age people are more targeted to alter behaviors like avoiding fast nutrient civilization ; smoke, imbibing and they are encouraged to take part in games to increase physical activity. The fleshiness programme should besides be focused on the people with low literacy because the literacy is itself holding the direct impact on the healthy behavior.Target country:The focal point country will be the in the geographical countries with high incidence of the job and the countries with least wellness behaviors. The people from hapless socio economic background and with low wellness attention services are more concentrated.Wayss to understand consumer barriers:The best manner in turn toing the barriers of the local people is working with the local suppliers as spouses ( siegel and doner, 2004 ) . Taking some research through qualitative methods like questioning the people and their household members to cognize the jobs faced by the people from peculiar country and peculiar group may give an penetration of the behavior of the local people ( Henley and raffin, 2010 ) . Effective communicating is planned by nearing local leaders and the individuals who are most favorable for the mark group because communicating plays a cardinal function in wellness publicity research ( Hastings and Haywood, 1991 ) , for illustration female parent is the individual who can pass on efficaciously with the kids and the other household members besides help to hold a insight expression of the kid and they can actuate the kid to alter the behavior.Target behavioral ends:The set of behavioral ends are planned by utilizing SMART program which includes Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and Time-bound ends to acquire the best result ( The major end is diminishing the extra weight by altering the current behavior by a set of behavioral alterations. The behavioral alterations include increased physical activity by bring oning self involvement, supervising the Calories and nutrient wonts and showing of the organic structure mass index often. The ends should be planned in an easy come-at-able mode so that the kid can achieve self efficaciousness on the alteration ( Davis et al, 2007 ) . Davis et Al ( 2007 ) besides suggests that parents should develop a uninterrupted communicating on the expected behavioral alterations and a clip end is arranged for all the set of activities or ends.Aim:To better the physical activity of the kids by promoting out-of-door activities like games, cycling etc, through household members and assorted school intercessions. To better the dietetic wonts like eating more fruits and veggies by discontinuing the nutrients with hih fat content or calorific value like fast nutrients.Schemes to implement the ends:Hanley and Raffin ( 2010 ) suggests that the kids below the age of 10 should be planned in a playful manner so that the they show involvement on the activities and the ends for the adolescents should be in a competitory manner with the other kids. A multi degree programme is designed to acquire the policy support, cognition interlingual rendition and the support of local groups is critical to supervise the systems ( WHO, 2010 ) . Schools play an of import function to actuate the kids to alter their behaviors, the fleshiness intercessions used in the schools should concentrate more on achieving healthy weight but non to diminish the weight to obtain a peculiar weight ( Pyle, 2006 ) The authorities policy support is of import to implement the ends in to the populace. Ad through media Public services Promotion Signs and shows Events Strategic confederations Others schemesExecution of the kid fleshiness bar:How to take it to public andMarketing mix refer ( grier and Bryant, 2005 )Marketing mix includes four P ‘s they are, Product, Price, Place and publicity ( Rayner, 2007 ) . Merchandise: in the present societal selling program the merchandise is the services provided to alter the current behavior. The merchandise is accommodating patterns of healthy nutrition and physical activity degrees fatty nutrients avoid and promote fruits n veggies into diet Engagement in minimal degrees of physical activity in twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours life. Monetary value: The monetary value of the present mark audience includes the clip disbursement for the. Price is cost spent by client so clip, physical attempt and money for following diet Topographic point: community degree, kids so at schools, institutional degreesPromotion:publicizing media:Action program: or ( rating )whyWho: The kids between the age of two and fifteen How: BY the analysis of present behaviors and by implementing the desired Where whenStrengths:Failing: Henley and reffin ( 2010 ) suggests that the The jobs within the administration include the deficiency of clip, deficiency of resources, working staff and deficiency of support from the direction or wellness attention workers. In add-on the Heakth belief theoretical account ( for fleshiness ) Penetration: why they are accommodating these behaviors ( like eating debris etc from ads and from friends household, sorroundings ) Exchange: what the audience has to ive up to acquire the benefits. Evaluation: The precedence was the on-going medical intervention and there was small clip left to be after, present and get down a new intervention method. The working status was affected by employment jobs, such as portion clip employment, alterations in assignments, deficit of staff, staff turnover, working entirely, no co-worker to work with and excessively many referrals from the doctors. Such organisational jobs had been ongoing for a long clip. There was no coaction between the Centres, and in many instances, Centres merged or closed down. Often the precedence and clip focused on other on-going undertakings, such as group intervention for, i.e. diabetes and tobacco users. There seemed to be a deficiency of support from the direction, doctors and co-workers. Childs are frequently considered the precedence population for intercession schemes because, foremost, weight loss in maturity is hard and there are a greater figure of possible intercessions for kids than for grownups. Schools are a natural scene for act uponing the nutrient and physical activity environments of kids. Other scenes such as preschool establishments and after-school attention services will hold similar chances for action. Second, it is hard to cut down inordinate weight in grownups once it becomes established. Therefore it would be more reasonable to originate bar and intervention of fleshiness during childhood. Prevention may be achieved through a assortment of intercessions aiming built environment, physical activity and diet. For illustration a countrywide run in physical activromoting healthy nutrition and physical activity among kids is developed in.Try to include determiners of wellnessMethods of communicating The undermentioned communications methods are deserving sing: direct mail ; local media ( free documents and wireless ) ; postings ; telemarketing ; and communal Centres.

U Decide

PICO score of 730 and has no late payment in last year and has no defaulted loan in the last five years. I have to give her this loan with the bank's prime rate plus 0. 5%. Brandon Sketches Case I would approve the loan for Brandon because he has a good PICO Score of 650. He has no late payment in last year and no defaulted loans In the last five years.I would need some information about his current employment and Income status, and If he as any other loans because he Is requesting for a large sum of money ($300,000). He deserves the 1. 5% interest of the Bank. Christine McDougall Case I can approve her loan with the bank's prime rate plus 2. 5%. I would ask for more Information regarding her current employment and Income status, and If she has any other loan. I will ask for more details on her late payment. Has Christine ever pall back the balance plus Interest and late tee?We will remember that she has a PICO core of 540 which is acceptable. Daniel Blankness's I will approve Daniel s loan because He has an excellent PICO score of 680 even though he has one late payment. He is still good if he doesn't have any other outstanding balance. Eric Mooring's Case According to the bank's lending policy Daniel cannot be approved (His final two payments due not arrive at all). He asked for a loan that is not too big and has an acceptable PICO score of 490 according to the bank's policy.I would ask if Eric wants to put more down for down-payment. Because if he pays more down-payment the less chance he will default the loan. I will ask if Daniel is currently employed and what his income and debt status are. I will consider approve the loan if everything meet the expectation he can pay back on time the loan and ask the Bank president' approval. The bank can charge higher interest rate of 4. 5% above prime rate which is still risky.

How to Write Finance Term Paper Guidelines for Students

How to Write Finance Term Paper Guidelines for Students Effective written communication skills are of great importance to anyone at university and in a future career. That’s why academic writing is an essential part of the education process and typically, college and university students are assigned lots of different papers in practically all college subjects and finance is no exception. There are different types of written assignments you may need to complete as a part of your coursework in finance, for example, business essay, business reports, case studies, research papers etc. In this finance term paper writing guide, we will concentrate on writing a finance term paper but the principles we discuss here may be applied to other different types of communication. You will learn: what a finance term paper is; how to choose a winning topic; how to structure your finance term paper and organize the writing process; how to edit and proofread your term paper in finance. Besides, you’ll find here a short list of impressive term paper topics that can serve you as great ideas for your inspiration. Keep reading. What Is Finance Term Paper? A finance term paper is a research paper that students who study finance in college have to complete and submit at the end of the term. Term papers typically account for the major part of student grade in a certain course so you need to approach them seriously. Your assignment when writing your finance term paper may be to describe a concept, an event or argue a certain point. You have to discuss a specific finance topic or issue in detail and your term paper must be several pages in length. It goes without saying that this work must be absolutely original and demonstrate your good understanding of the topic and your analytical and critical thinking skills. The key to the success of your finance term paper is getting its structure right. Let’s outline the structure of a basic term paper. The basic structure of a typical finance term paper is the sequence of certain parts: The Title page includes information about the paper title, its author, and the educational institution; The abstract is a very brief summary of the entire paper; it is one paragraph of not more than 250 words in length (often it is even shorter); The introduction sets the scene or lays background or foundation to the term paper. You need to explain what your topic is and why it is worth studying; Methods section gives details on how the research was conducted; Results section describes the paper’s findings; Discussion section gives a summary of the results, their interpretation and explains why the findings are significant; References include a list of books or articles cited in the paper. Your instructor may offer you to complete your finance term paper in a different format so you need to read the assignment guidelines carefully and follow them in your writing. Now you have an idea of what a finance term paper is so let’s discuss another important question – how to select a winning topic. How to Choose a Great Finance Term Paper Topic Typically, the topics for term papers are assigned by instructors but sometimes, students are given the freedom to select a topic on their own. If you are a beginner in studying finance, it can be rather tricky. Here are some easy tips on how you can successfully do it. Pick a topic you are interested in. You are likely to enjoy writing your term paper and your audience will appreciate your enthusiasm and your passion when reading your work. The writing process is long but it is always easier to do something and overcome difficulties if you like what you are doing; You can look for finance term paper topics ideas online, in authoritative newspapers and journals, in databases of your university library etc.; Choose a topic your already know something about. It will be easier to perform research and evaluate your sources; The majority of topics are too broad to cover them in a limited format so you should always narrow your finance topic to a manageable size that will fit your word limit. For example, the topic ‘profitability of banks’ is too broad for a term paper format so you can narrow it to ‘influence of interest rates on the profitability of banks’. Lack ideas for writing your finance paper? Here is a short list of interesting finance term paper topics that can be useful for brainstorming your own ideas. You can also use any of these topic ideas for creating your own term papers in finance. Compare Capital Markets of China and The USA; Future of The Global Financial System; What Was the Effect of The Global Financial Crisis on the Financial System of the United States? Drivers of an Economic Growth in The European Union; How Can We Predict Speculative Asset Bubbles? Analysis of The Profitability Of The USA Banks; How Does Interest Rate Influence Share Price? Aspects of Financial Performance in The Baking Sector; How Does Capital Structure Affect Profitability? Risk Management in an Enterprise. Doing Research If the topic for your research paper was given to you by your instructor, you have to analyze the prompt for keywords that explain the issue or topic, for example, argue, evaluate, discuss, prove, analyze etc. Before you start doing the research, you need to know precisely what you have to do and what content is required. Then, you’ll be able to make an informed choice of your primary and secondary sources. First, you have to plan your research and consider what sources you can use to cover your topic. You have to consult the materials that are available in your university library. You can use books and articles in printed journals or in electronic format, statistics reports, and databases. Create a preliminary list of sources and start reading. To improve your productivity, you can use scanning and skimming techniques. You should also always keep your research question in mind that will help to concentrate only on relevant sources. Reading broadly can help you get a general understanding of your topic and formulate your perspective on the topic. After that, you can focus your reading on more detailed works. You can search for texts that provide details on the issue using library databases and catalog and reference lists in journal articles. When you finish your reading, you should have a strong position on the issue that will help you create a convincing argument and write coherently. Now you can make an outline and start writing the first draft. An outline will help you keep your writing organized so you won’t miss anything and effectively present all the information you have gathered during your research. Writing Your Term Paper When you have gathered the substantive information for your term paper, you should start writing, taking into account 4 critical elements of writing – organization, documentation, style, and revision. We have already explained that all the components of a finance term paper are divided into sections – introduction, literature review, methodology, findings, discussion, and conclusion. You need to use headings and sub-headings in sections to help your readers follow your presentation. As for the style, your writing should be clear and organized. You should present facts, analysis, and theories using simple declarative sentences. You’d better avoid complex constructions that are hard to follow. As for the documentation, you must attribute all quotations and paraphrasing to the original author. You need to precisely specify data sources to help your readers find them if they would like to read more on your topic. There different formats for documenting sources – APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard etc. When writing your project, you should follow the format specified by your instructor. Typically, the author-date-page method is used to reference in the text because it is rather simple. Revision is the final key to the success of your finance term paper. You should always reread your first draft with a critical eye and make changes to improve it. Start writing your first draft to get ideas from your brain onto paper and pay attention to these critical elements while working on the term paper sections. Tips to Writing Finance Term Paper Sections: Pieces of Advice from Our Writers In the introduction, you have to state the main research problem and the thesis argument. You should identify the topic of your research and explain why it is important. You should also outline the key points that you are going to present. In the Methods section, you have to discuss the specific research methodology you have used and how you gathered data. In finance, researchers use a variety of qualitative and quantitative methods and you need to explain why you have chosen specific methods for performing your research. In the literature review, you need to provide the context of the existing knowledge in your field. You have to discuss what is known about the subject of your finance term paper. In the Results section, you have to report on data collection and present the main findings. In the Discussion section, interpret your results and discuss your findings by comparing them with the previous research. In the conclusion, you need to give an answer to the research question and offer perspective for future investigation. An abstract is written after you have completed the entire text of your finance term paper and is required when your paper is long and complex. Its length is between 100 to 300 words. You have to describe the essence of your paper and include information about the research question, methods, and key findings. Your instructor will read this part of your term paper first so you should do your best to impress him/her. How to Edit a Finance Term Paper No matter how much outlining and planning you do before you start writing, your first draft just presents raw material and you need to spend some time to make improvements in content, logic, flow, and style. Effective editing of your finance term paper could mean the difference between a good grade and an excellent one so you should devote enough time to editing your term paper. But before you start doing it, just puts your paper aside for some time so that you could edit it with fresh eyes. Editing your own paper is not easy because you have spent so much time doing research and writing your draft that you got used to your term paper and may experience the so-called writers’ blindness. But editing is a vital step in creating an impressive term paper that can get you a high grade. Here are some useful editing tips to help make your finance term paper perfect. Start the editing process by looking at your finance term paper structure. You may need to rearrange your paragraphs to make your structure more logical; Edit long sentences and paragraphs because they are more difficult to read; Improve your word choice and check overly complicated language. Try to use simple words and phrases and aim for clear and concise language; Fix the repetition of words in the same paragraph or sentence. You can rephrase them or use synonyms. Common words should be used only once in a paragraph; Don’t rely on the spellcheck because it can highlight some misspelling and typos but it can’t detect using the wrong words; Omit unnecessary words that just add to the word count to your term paper but they don’t provide any meaning; Take measures to ensure the consistent spelling of the words that have more than one correct spelling; Check the sentences and put commas where you would pause when speaking aloud; Get rid of ellipses and remove tautologies; Ensure consistent formatting that can make your paper look professional. When you edit your finance term paper and make improvements, read your paper aloud. This technique is often used by experienced writers who use it to find and fix some typical mistakes and typos. Use our easy finance term paper writing tips to achieve better grades and results.

Why the South Lost Gettysburg essays

Why the South Lost Gettysburg essays The article "Who's to Blame?" discusses the reasons why the south lost the battle of Gettysburg. One reason the article gives as a possible explanation of the loss of the south is that the southern artillerymen were firing in unison because they were unorganized. The artillery was not supposed to go off at the same time because there would be a short period of heavy fire followed by a long period of no fire that allowed an opportunity for an advance of the Union troops. Lee knew about this but decided not to do anything about it. Another possible reason why the south lost the battle of Gettysburg is because of Pickett's Charge. Pickett's Charge was a charge ordered by Lee and commanded by George Pickett. The reason Pickett's Charge was ordered is because Lee believed the north was retreating because they were not firing anymore. The reason why Lee could not see if the north was retreating or not is because the north was positioned at the top of a long slow slopping hill behind a sto newall. The south charged up hill through the cornfield and when they were 300 feet away from the north the north started firing at the south again. Over  ¾ of the southern army was either killed or wounded because of Pickett's charge. Another possible reason for the south's loss is because of a lack of ammunition because a miss communication between Lee and Pendleton. I think that the main reason why the south lost the battle of Gettysburg is because of Pickett's charge. I think this because the south lost about  ¾ of their men while the north was virtually unharmed. The north was unharmed because they were behind a stone wall and the south was charging through an open field. I think that all of the other reasons why the south lost at Gettysburg contributed to their loss but the main reason was because the south lost so many men at Pickett's Charge. ...

Words for Subservient People and Actions

Words for Subservient People and Actions Words for Subservient People and Actions Words for Subservient People and Actions By Maeve Maddox One of the most unforgettable characters in literature is Uriah Heep in the novel David Copperfield by Charles Dickens. Heep works as clerk to Miss Trotwoods lawyer, Mr. Wickfield. Because Wickfield is often incapacitated by alcoholism, Heep is able to cheat him out of his wealth. Heeps most memorable and repellent characteristic is his frequently avowed humility. He constantly refers to himself as a very umble person, telling David I am well aware that I am the umblest person goingMy mother is likewise a very umble person. We live in a numble abode, Master Copperfield, but have much to be thankful for. My fathers former calling was umble. He was a sexton. Heep is the stereotypical toady, a person who bows and scrapes his way among his superiors, plotting his own ends behind an obsequious exterior. Here are some words for writing about such characters. NOUNS toady [tÃ… dÄ“] a fawning flatterer The word is thought to be a shortening of toad-eater a term that referred to the assistant of a travelling salesman who sold fraudulent miracle cures. The assistant would eat a toad that was supposed to be poisonous. The salesman then gave him the cure. Toady can also be used as a verb. Why do you toady to your boss like that? sycophant [sÄ ­kÉ™-fÉ™nt] This word is commonly used to refer to someone who flatters people in power. As soon as Jones lost the election, those sycophants fled to the side of his opponent. NOTE: The word sycophant is often mispronounced by inserting an n after the y. The adjective is sycophantic apple-polisher [ÄÆ'pl pÃ… lÄ ­sh É™r] In the old days, teachers were often paid their salaries in kind, that is, with produce or other necessities. Taking an apple to the teacher was a good thing. Now taking an apple to the teacher is seen as an attempt to gain favoritism. Polishing the apple signifies an extra effort to gain favor. lickspittle [lÄ ­kspÄ ­tl]- You may come across this word in old books. The idea is that the sycophant is so eager to please that hell even lick up his masters spit. bootlick [bÃ… «tlÄ ­k] One who licks his masters boots. ass-kisser [ÄÆ's kÄ ­s É™r]- Same idea as booklick. brown-nose [broun nÃ… z] (side effect of kissing a posterior) Can also be used as a verb. Harold is a brown-nose. He brown-noses all his professors. doormat [dà ´rmÄÆ't] a person who allows other people to walk all over her. VERBS kowtow [kou-tou, koutou] to abase oneself before another. The word is from a Chinese word meaning to bump the head. The proper way to present oneself to the Emperor was to kowtow, that is, get down and bump your head on the floor before the throne. That rock star expects all his band members to kowtow to him . truckle [trÃ… ­kÉ™l] behave in a servile, obedient manner to someone. The word derives from truckle bed. A truckle bed is a small bed that rolls out from underneath a larger one. When travelling, an aristocrat would sleep on the big bed and his servant on the truckle bed. If two equals travelled together, theyd probably argue or flip a coin over which one slept on the truckle bed. She truckles to his every whim. ADJECTIVES fawning [fà ´nÄ ­ng] The word comes from the verb to fawn, meaning behave like an animal happy to see its master. I cant stand watching you fawn all over her! obsequious [Ã… b-sÄ“kwÄ“-É™s] exhibiting a demeaning, servile behavor. Fraternity pledges survive by obsequious behavior to the members. servile [sà »rvÄ «l] from the word for slave. In a slave society, self-confidence and self-respect are not traits desirable in ones human property. Servile means acting like a slave, i.e., staying out of the way, not calling attention to oneself, jumping when the master snaps his fingers. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 English Grammar Rules You Should Know5 Lessons for Mixing Past and Present TenseComma After Introductory Phrases

Ecosystem Toxic Chemical Threat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Ecosystem Toxic Chemical Threat - Essay Example As such, human activities drive the greenhouse gas-mediated environmental effects, and only human activities can prevent the worsening of earth degradation due to these gases. Another reason why greenhouse gases should be discussed is the still ongoing debate on whether greenhouse gases caused global warming and climate change. Apparently, not all people agree that humans caused the apparent changes happening in the environment. In a website called greatglobalwarming.com, articles that disagree with either the increased global temperature or its man-made nature are collated. It discusses that unlike the findings of global warming advocates, polar bears are increasing in number, Himalayan glaciers are not melting, and global warming and climate change are actually inevitable natural occurrences. Some articles in the website even said that the government and environmental organizations only publicize an apparent human-made global warming to get more funding (â€Å"Great Global Warming : News and Truth about Global Warming†). Section Two: Address the vulnerability of the environment - ecosystem to the specific Chemical Threat 1. Is this an acute or chronic environmental threat? Greenhouse gases are chronic environmental threat. ... 2. Is this a systemic or targeted species threat? Since it affects temperature, it influences all life forms, from microorganisms to plants and animals, which exist on a specific range of temperature. This makes greenhouse gases systemic environmental threats. 3. How likely is it that the chemical will be released in sufficient amounts to do serious harm? The naturally-occurring gases contribute to climate change because the mechanisms that regulate their amounts in the atmosphere become less efficient. Although the temperature in earth started increasing since the 1800, the most rapid increase has been observed in the recent decades, most possibly due to human activity (Environmental Protection Agency). In the case of carbon dioxide, it is regulated by the carbon cycle. Despite the production of carbon dioxide by animals, the atmospheric carbon dioxide remained constant at 280 parts per million (ppm) 10, 000 years before the start of the industrial era. However, its increasing level in the atmosphere is partly attributed to industrialization that started 150 years ago, which emit the gas by biogas burning to power the machineries At that time, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased by almost 40% to 389 ppm. Since then, it continuously increases by 1.5 ppm during the 1990s, by 2.0 ppm during 2000s, and currently by 2.3 ppm, due to the increased electricity and transportation use, as well as continuing deforestation. It now causes 64% of global warming (World Meteorological Organization). Methane from landfills, coal mines, oil and gas operations, and agriculture is the second most important greenhouse gas, contributing 18% to total global warming. Similar to carbon dioxide, the industrial era marked the

SLP- Information Sensitivity and Protection of Data Essay

SLP- Information Sensitivity and Protection of Data - Essay Example The reason why the present in-house learning system is that the hospital information system (HIS) has been described as one of the most complex, which if practitioners do not get very familiar with could lead to several health complications for service users (Miller and Sim, 2004). In addition to the in-house learning system, there has also been the acquisition of enough information system equipment and technology tools that caters for modern trends and changes in health service delivery. The assurance of confidentiality of data and information constitutes an ethical consideration for the new hospital information system implemented within the organization (Devaraj and Kohli, 2000). This is because it is important that the organization adheres to national and international provisions of health service delivery such as HIPAA regulations, which enshrines that patients receive maximum security and confidentiality on their data and information (Chaudhry et al, 2006). Presently, the organization uses a technology based policy that makes it impossible for data and information within the database of the organization to be accessed by people who are not directly involved in a given department of the organization to which the information belongs. For example, regardless of the network provision on the system, those in the pharmacy section cannot access information from the laboratory department without prior approval from the laboratory department. Moreover, there is the use o f a password system in the protection of data such that only a limited number of people are allowed access to the system. This policy also goes a long way to ensure reliability of data as the possibility that there will be doctoring of key information is almost an impossibility. Finally, there is a special biometric identification and coding system that identifies patients and people whose information is stored on the system rather than the use

Is aggression in man Adaptive Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is aggression in man Adaptive - Essay Example Upon sensing them, they are refined through internal adjustments brought about by learning and hormonal changes. Aggression then is actually an action driven by a programmed set of chemical responses within the body that prepares an animal to the actual or impending threat. There are eight forms of aggression according to E.O. Wilson. Territorial, dominance, sexual, parental disciplinary, weaning, moralistic, predatory, and anti-predatory aggression, are mechanisms by which animals improve their fitness for survival and reproduction (1980, p.118). For example, by demonstrating territorial aggression, an animal will protect his both habitat and his family. These programmed biological responses to various environmental threats bear high levels of heritability, according to the researches made by E.O. Wilson, which builds up its genetic nature and provides proof that aggressive behavior is adaptive. Furthermore, some species' aggressive behaviors are "specialized, stereotyped and highly predictable" (1980, p.122). This further validates aggression's adaptive nature. Humans face the same forms of aggression and, basically behave aggressively as those of animals. A human father is also protective on his house the same way as a lion is to his territory. He can become violent to a point that he would kill someone if he witnesses a thief stealing properties in his house. This is one a "fight or flight" response of humans to adverse conditions. Humans are also wary about the "external environmental contingencies," such as "encounters outside the group, food, crowding, seasonal change" (Wilson 1980, 122-123). Wilson provided an analogy between an experiment of overcrowded of cats and rats to that of people in concentration and prisoners-of-war camps wherein overcrowding caused both mentioned animals and humans to behave aggressively to each other during extreme conditions (1997, p.127). When experiencing stressful and threatening conditions, humans and animals share the same reactions. Humans also have the internal mechanisms as that of animals that results to aggressive behavior. Both have the capabilities to retain previous experiences in their brains. Though there are differences in the effects of hormonal secretions for different animals, specifically vertebrates (as in the different reactions of estrogen to different species) hormones are still responsible for the aggression of both animals and humans. A good example of this is epinephrine, a hormone that triggers the fight-or-flight response in humans. Moreover, the two modes of competition suggest that animals have devised diverse ways to gain advantage of others. While direct aggression, being the first mode, can accomplish this goal, some species executes some ways to mutually repulse each other. Some species of ants use organizational techniques in order to win the competition (Wilson, 1980). Humans have usually been engaging in competition both by direct aggression and by mutual repulsion. Many of our activities are competitive in nature and participants herein use aggression in a productive way to dominate their rivals. However, though humans experience the same inputs that causes aggression and share the same internal mechani

Small Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Small Business - Essay Example Perfect Grill will use technology to solve this problem and thus make it easier to compete with Jacob’s Grill. A programmer will be hired to develop an app that the customers can install in their phones. The customers can use the app for the following; The customer can place orders before arriving at the restaurant. This will mean that the kitchen manager can know the demand prior to the customers arriving to the restaurant. This will mean that the customers will not have to wait for too long after arriving at the restaurant. This improves the level of service and the customers will be happy with this. The customers will also be able to pay for their orders through the app. This will be important in that it will help in dealing with customers who may cancel the orders. If the customers are given the option to order through the app but not pay, the rate of cancelling the orders may be high and this is not be good for business. However, by allowing the customers to pay through the online app, the rate of order cancellation will be low. The customers can also access the day’s specials and know what to order. Apart from displaying the menu for the restaurant, the app will be able to help the customers to access the day’s special. This will be updated on a daily basis and the customers can be able to know what the day’s specials are even before they arrive at the restaurant. Once the customer places an order for a meal, the app will be able to determine if there are enough materials to make the meal for the customer. This will mean that the app will be linked to the inventory records of the firm. For instance, if a customer uses the app to order for a grilled chicken, the app will have to first check if there are chicken in the inventory which will be used to make the order. The customer will also have to give a timeframe of when he is expecting to arrive at the restaurant. This will

Audience essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Audience - Essay Example The total number of the audience is more than 600 which means that there is high level of diversity in the Bundestag. It contains men, women, people from different socioeconomic backgrounds as well as individuals who have varied religious or moralistic leanings. However, it is clear that their objective of being in the Bundestag is to bring improvements to society which means that whatever suggestion is given to them with regard to improving the situation of society is likely to be given a sympathetic ear. Aside from this similarity, they are also professionals who work as career politicians and are likely to have families, children, mobile phones as well as involvements in social organizations in their localities. Furthermore, it can be expected that they are well aware of international laws and even the laws of other countries in the EU concerning cell phone use while driving and the penalties associated with the crime. In fact, it becomes rather easy to see that the audience could be well aware of the issues surrounding the debate and might even be willing to follow the laws which have been enacted by nations in the region in similar situations. This makes the task of convincing them much easier since they can be shown data concerning how other countries have enacted the laws and what positive affects these laws have had on their motor safety. Further, they can be shown data from countries where mobile penetration is high yet there are no laws concerning the use of mobile phones while driving and how this affects the number of accidents on the roads. Moreover, they would also be pushed towards the point if they are told how a person’s situational awareness and ability to drive is affected while using a mobile phone. Most importantly, the argument presented to the audience has to be given a moral and ethical dimension since that can go a long way towards showing them that what they are doing will be good for society and it will have a

Small Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Small Business - Essay Example Perfect Grill will use technology to solve this problem and thus make it easier to compete with Jacob’s Grill. A programmer will be hired to develop an app that the customers can install in their phones. The customers can use the app for the following; The customer can place orders before arriving at the restaurant. This will mean that the kitchen manager can know the demand prior to the customers arriving to the restaurant. This will mean that the customers will not have to wait for too long after arriving at the restaurant. This improves the level of service and the customers will be happy with this. The customers will also be able to pay for their orders through the app. This will be important in that it will help in dealing with customers who may cancel the orders. If the customers are given the option to order through the app but not pay, the rate of cancelling the orders may be high and this is not be good for business. However, by allowing the customers to pay through the online app, the rate of order cancellation will be low. The customers can also access the day’s specials and know what to order. Apart from displaying the menu for the restaurant, the app will be able to help the customers to access the day’s special. This will be updated on a daily basis and the customers can be able to know what the day’s specials are even before they arrive at the restaurant. Once the customer places an order for a meal, the app will be able to determine if there are enough materials to make the meal for the customer. This will mean that the app will be linked to the inventory records of the firm. For instance, if a customer uses the app to order for a grilled chicken, the app will have to first check if there are chicken in the inventory which will be used to make the order. The customer will also have to give a timeframe of when he is expecting to arrive at the restaurant. This will

ACD-IP PBX Request for Proposal (RFP) Research Paper

ACD-IP PBX Request for Proposal (RFP) - Research Paper Example This paper will focus on comparison and assessment of different vendors for IP PBX. It will focus on the requirements of the organization. PBX is a VoIP phone system that is used to manage communications and phone calls. There are many SIP phones which have been connected and working together to achieve the desired results. It is a private branch exchange that is used to switch private calls between different VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) users that are using local lines. The users are allowed to share a certain number of external phone lines. It also has the possibility of switching calls between a VoIP users and a local user who is using local telephone lines. It can also switch two users who are using traditional lines to communicate. It does this switching in the same manner that a conventional PBX would have done. In a PBX, there would be a need to have several networks that would be used to handle voice and data communications. One of the advantages of using IP PBX is that it does not have to have different networks in order to handle voice and data communications. With IP PBX, there is converged data and voice networks. It means that it is possible to have internet access and at the same time have someone using VoIP using one line. With the use of IP PBX, there is reduced operation costs and decreased cost of maintenance. The IP PBX is owned by the enterprise. There are SIP phones, an IP PBX server, and a VoIP Gateway. In this case, the VoIP Gateway is optional. The IP PBX is the same as that of Proxy Server. The SIP clients can either be soft telephones to hardware based phones. These phones will be used in the entire process and will have the required aspects that will be used in the communication. The SIP clients will have to be registered with IP PBX server. When they want to make a call, they will have to establish a connection with the IP PBX server. The IP PBX

Relationship between humans and nature Essay Example for Free

Relationship between humans and nature Essay Marlowe in his poem ‘The passionate shepherd to his love’ talks of the strong link between humans and the nature that surrounds them. The poem from beginning to the end talks mainly of the nature that surrounds us wherever we go. The poem makes us understand that we are actually dependent on nature for all our needs. The nature in its splendor is so beautiful that Marlowe has actually united with the environment. The poem captures the joy of love, in the midst of nature. In fact reading the poem makes one wonder, if the natural splendor that surrounded Marlowe when he wrote the poem, was the reason for his love to flow like a river. Nature makes one forget about the present. In fact, it makes us forget all about ourselves and become one with nature as we enjoy and be part of the beauty that surrounds us in all its glory. Marlowe in this poem talks more of the nature that surrounds him and less about his love. The poem talks of the quiet simplicity of rural life and how humans are part of nature. There is no way of separating humans from nature. The humans are dependent on nature for their very existence. The nature is dependent on humans to be admired and glorified. The human dependence on nature is highlighted by the fact that Marlowe is sitting upon a rock. He wants to make a bed of roses; wool for a coat from the lambs, buckles for the slippers from gold, a belt of straw, the list goes on. Marlowe by writing this poem has made the readers understand the relationship between humans and nature. Annie Dillard in ‘Sojourner’ talks of the Earth in its entire splendor. She talks of the mangrove tree that floats and becomes like an island in a sense. She rediscovers the magic of nature and how it can be viewed in a beautiful sense. People ordinarily will not give a second thought to a tree floating. She magnifies the significance and projects a simple natural event into something extraordinary. In fact Annie Dillard brings to life the mangrove tree that is all but dead. A tree that has no life has been brought to life with her words. When Dillard talks about the mangrove tree, she actually means the Earth and its movements. She tells that Earth is a sojourner, creating its own path and moves in a path that cannot be followed by any other thing on Earth. She tells that Earth is a wet ball thrown into eternity and humans are part of this. We the humans and nature have united to become one. She ends with a question asking what will happen at the end of the journey. The mangrove tree will finally end up in the Ocean. So where do the Earth and the humans living on it finally end up, is a question left unanswered. Mangroves play a major role in the essay by Annie Dillard. She uses the tree to show the human nature. The mangrove starts from scratch and builds a strong foundation. The human nature and relationships are similar. We all start from scratch and build many strong relationships as we grow. Some who are not able to make any relationships are like the mangrove tree felled by the hurricane, being tossed and not knowing the final destination. Annie Dillard unites with nature and is part of it. She talks of the Earths movement in words that make a person imagine and feel the true aura of nature. She has merged the human nature and the nature to be examples of each other.

Ethical Practice in Social Work

Ethical Practice in Social Work The aim of this assignment is to demonstrate links between different codes defining ethical practice, legislation and the requirements of professional conduct. The author will also discuss knowledge of traditional social work values and recent changes in the value base of social work. The relationship of ethical themes and the range of ethical theories will also be considered, concluding with the requirements of professional social work practice. Although social work is a profession laden with contradictions, the primary task within the social work profession is to ensure that the directives and principles enshrined in social work ethics, call on social workers to establish human rights and willingly be able to challenge unjust principles (Allan et al 2009). Moral codes and social structure is recorded as far back as the Ancient Greek Polis era with suppression of civic autonomy. The idea of life of virtue and human fulfilment leading on to the new course in ethics chartered during the Hellenistic era are the most discussed social structures discussed to date, regarding early ethics and values although forms of social structural developments were occurring in Egypt, Mesopotamia, China and India has less recorded by historians (Bryant 1996). Bisman (2004) acknowledges that the core concept of moral concerns drove social works development during the professions formative years. Although Jones (1997) cited in Bisman (2004) (pg: 110) complains that â€Å"the profession has been particularly silent over the past twenty years about the shifting patterns in social wellbeing and disadvantage† and that this silence may be a direct violation of the social work codes of ethics. The emphasis of social change was more evident during the settlement movement and the emphasis was on Toynbees philosophy that there was a need to unite the advocacy of social reform and the inclusion of various classes to ensure society performs those duties (Bisman 2004). Self determination is central to the social workers ethical responsibilities to clients. Hepworth et al (2009) (pg: 60.) predict that â€Å"codes of ethics are the embodiment of a professions values†. Acknowledgment for principals and standards for social workers behaviours are imbedded in the Codes of Ethics circulated by the National Association of Social Workers addressing the range of responsibilities that social workers have as professionals to their clients, colleagues, employers, profession and to society as a whole (Hepworth et al 2008 ). Addams (1902) (pg: 1) â€Å"believed that ‘ethics is but another word for â€Å"righteousness† without which life becomes meaningless†. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of a Child acknowledge that the values vary from country to country and the understanding of values universally are very problematic. However, it is not just the question of different values, but a question of relative power (Heintz 2009). Every Child Matters (2003) contains five outcomes which are being healthy, staying safe, enjoying and achieving, making a positive contribution as well as economic well-being have absorbed the UNCRC Articles into a comprehensible table. This ensures that practitioners are drawn to reflecting the ethical principles and value base when making their decisions regarding client needs. Wilks (2005) highlights that there are two central conceptual strands that account for social work values; these are social work ethics and anti-discriminatory practice. However although these two strands lie together there are conflicts. Strategies have been adopted to bridge the gap in principle by means of social justice or equality. Nash (2000) was also interested in the ethics of the individual self and understanding the power differences. Although seeing everyone as social actors, concerned with interaction through social behaviour can at times be fragmented, unstable, fluid and fast changing. This unpredictability is why it is very important that social workers analyse each individual case thoroughly, reflecting on where and when to employ ethical and value based decisions that will influence positive results. Clarks (2000) cited in Tovey (2007) acknowledges that there are five basic principles that promote ethical practice in social work are: Respect for and promotion of individuals rights to self-determination Promotion of welfare or well-being Equality Disruptive justice Discipline Furthermore, it is important that traditional social work values are employed, but it is also important that consideration for limitations of traditional social work values and how these values change at macro, meso and micro levels of practice. Dominelli 2004(pg: 63) argues that although empowering clients is seen as a way of moving forward, â€Å"it is unable to do more than deal with issues at the micro level of practice in the practitioner-client relationship, and has little impact on structural inequalities, which also need to be ended†. By being involved in transforming the knowledge base and structure of clients current or future situation, the social workers has to rethink the epistemological base on which social work is founded and establish a value base that aims to create a professional culture that can guide particular interventions (Dominelli 2004). Banks (2006) acknowledges that ethical issues are problematic in social work and that the codes of ethics and codes of conduct fail to explicitly address issues faced by those who are regulated by them. Practioner`s find themselves in difficult situations which at times results in ethical dilemmas. It is still imperative to meet the requirements of professional conduct and that the deontological approach creates a logic whereby professionals are duty-bound to follow their ethical code and where ethical practice without guiding principles is inconceivable (Gray 2009 pg: 2). The Scottish Social Services Codes of Practice (SSSC 2005) 2005 are a key step in a system of regulation for social services delivered along with setting standards for practitioners to be accountable for their actions. SSSC (2005) state that there are six codes of practice that social service workers are required to take account of these are: Protect the rights and promote the interests of service Users and carers. Strive to establish and maintain the trust and confidence of Service users and carers. Promote the independence of service users while protecting Them as far as possible from danger or harm. Respect the rights of service users whilst seeking to ensure that their behaviour does not harm themselves or other people. Uphold public trust and confidence in social services. Be accountable for the quality of their work and take responsibility for maintaining and improving their knowledge and skills. Social work has undergone radical changes, in addition, the imperialistic approach has been highly criticised as being stereotyped and culturally preoccupied with the blame culture. Raynor (1984) recognised that there was a difference in accountability, regardless of justification. His findings were that social workers are accountable for their own actions, although social workers were only protecting the weaker party in an imbalance of power. It is important that social workers draw on empirical approaches, although the focus should be on solving problems and narrowing the problematic gap in cultural differences between social worker /client relationship working within a moral rational manner. A postmodern approach in social work has highlighted areas in the welfare state that acknowledge that specific welfare resources are being cut due to rationalisation. Social services need to look at the way economic, social structures and regional injustices in impoverished communities are constructed and adapt to meet their individual needs. Postmodernism argues for the ‘grand or ‘universal social change on which social work was founded, but now ultimately social work must refocus its attentions on exposing global economical inequalities and oppressive gender and ethnicity-based relationships across the globe (Noble 2004). The Kantian philosophy encourages that we should treat others as a being who has choice and desires along with a being is those who are capable of rational thought and self determined actions should have the ability to make decisions and act accordingly to their own choices and desires (Banks 2006). Although deontological and utilitarian approaches tend to dominate social work ethics Lovat and Gray (2008) dispute that within this postmetaphysical age Habermas offers a form of proportionate ethics through the Aristotelian and Thomistic thinking offering a new and practical approach which is particularly appropriate to a modernately post-scientific, postmetaphysical age. Lovat and Gray (2008) (pg: 1101) also recognised within the moderately post-scientific age, although the thinking had a heavy reliance on science they were â€Å"aware of the limitations of science in addressing adequately all of lifes demands and providing all of its answers†. Lovat and Gray (2008) also proposed a new approach to ethical deliberation and judgment that has potential to meet the needs of those seeking greater ontological certainty than science can provide. By implementing a Proportionism approach, which is an ethical and moral approach and holds promise for a more balanced perspective in that social work is both science and art. Overall the proportionist approach is comfortable with the inconsistent position in any ethical dilemma and by applying wisdom, commonsense and probing scientific explanations an ethical decision can be made. â€Å"The value of a proportionist position is best captured when we realise that any ethical decision which runs counter to accepted or popular norms cannot be underestimated in terms of its potential to create tension, fear or recrimination†( Lovat and Gray 2008 pg: 1107). Changing Lives (2006) highlights the ethical and value base by means of four tier approach negotiating a balance between care and control, although the practitioner is under statutory obligation and the nature of the situation is complex the focus should be with avoiding any ethical boundary disputes working in a multi disciplinary approach focusing on the value base work with the client. Pitts (2000) discusses the Federation International des Communautes Educatives 1998 (FICE 1998) describes that a sound ethical practice is of critical importance. A code of ethics establishes good practice and offers guidance to individual workers in difficult situations, along with acting as a template against which to test conduct and target reform of modifications that need to be made. This in turn guides the practitioners to think about best practice and new answers to ethical issues that may arise. Within Getting it Right for Every Child (2006) Big Words and Big Tables section 2.6 Consent/Ethics, ethically empower the child or young person regardless of age to educate and promote the best services available by informing the chid or young person of all resources available. The FICE 1998 is dedicated to promoting the lives and future of children and young people around the world creating and promoting global standards for looked after children, The British Association of Social Workers has a Code of Ethics key principles reinforce what service providers should be doing to meet the needs of children and young people these are: Human Dignity and Worth Respect for human dignity and for individual and cultural diversity Value for every human being, their beliefs, goals, preferences and needs Respect for human rights and self-determination Partnership and empowerment with users of services and with carers Ensuring protection for vulnerable people Social Justice Promoting fair access to resources Equal treatment without prejudice or discrimination Reducing disadvantage and exclusion Challenging the abuse of power Service Helping with personal and social needs Enabling people to develop their potential Contributing to creating a fairer society Integrity Honesty, reliability and confidentiality Competence Maintaining and expanding competence to provide a quality service Harris (1998)(pg: 843) highlights that â€Å"in the new social services departments, social work was to exist, not simply as another branch of local authority administration, but in its own right as a state-mediated, bureau-professional labour process†. Consideration for Biesteks casework principles, individualisation, purposeful expression of feelings, controlled emotional involvement, acceptance, non-judgemental attitude, service user self-determination and confidentiality were the early foundations of principles that have paved the way for influencing present date values in social work (Banks 2006). Tovey (2007) insists that the principles are open to interpretation and practitioners should be aware of the limitations in ethical decision making and the focus on rules and duties influence determining actions in particular situations. The legal framework within the Children (Scotland) Act 1995 (Act 1995) underpins what practitioners are required to do to ensure children and young people are provided for and looked after by parents, guardians or their local authority. The Act 1995 chapter 36 section 19 advises that the plan for services has to take into consideration relevant services to be provided. References Addams, J. 1902. Democracy and Social Ethics. Macmillan: London. Allan, J., Briskman, L., Pease, B. Critical Social Work: Theories and Practices for a Socially Just World. Allen Unwin: NSW. Banks, S. 3rd Ed, 2006. Ethics and Values in Social Work. Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke. Bisman, C. 2004 Social Work Values: The Moral Core of the Profession. British Journal of Social Work 2004. 34, 109-123. Bryant, M,J. 1996. Moral Codes and Social Structure in Ancient Greece: A Sociology of Greek Ethics from Homer to Epicureans and Stoics. New York Press: USA. Available on line: Changing Lives: Report of the 21st Century Social Work Review http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2006/02/02094408/8 [Accessed October 2009]. Available on line: Children (Scotland) Act 1995 http://www.opsi.gov.uk/ACTS/acts1995/ukpga_19950036_en_3#pt2-ch1-pb2-l1g19 [Accessed October 2009]. Dominelli, L. 2004. Social Work: Theory and Practice for a Changing Profession. Polity Press: Cambridge. Available on line:Every Child Matters (2003) http://www.dcsf.gov.uk/everychildmatters/strategy/strategyandgovernance/uncrc/unitednationsconventionontherightsofthechild/ [Accessed October 2009]. Available on line:Getting it Right for Every Child (2006) http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2005/06/20135608/56098 [Accessed October 2009]. Gray, M. 2009. Moral Sources and Emergent Ethical Theories in Social Work. Brittish Journal of Social Work, September 22, 2009.1-18. Harris, J. 1998. Scientific Managment, Bureau-Professionalism, New Managerialism: The Labour Process of State Social Work. British Journal of Social Work. (1998) 28, 839-862. Heintz, M. 2009. The Anthropology of Moralities. Berghahn Books: United States. Hepworth, H, D., Rooney, H, R., Rooney, D,G., Strom-Gottfried, K., Larsen, J. 2009 8th Ed. Direct Social Work Practice: Theory and Skill. Cengage Learning: Canada. Lovat, T., Gray, M. 2008. Towards a Proportionist Social Work Ethics: A Habermasian Perspective British Journal of Social Work 2008.38, 1100-1114. Raynor, P. 1984. Evaluation with One Eye Closed: The Empiricist Agenda in Social Work Research. British Journal of Social Work 1984. 14, 1-10. Available on line: Pitts, J. 2000. Committee on the Rights of the Child: State Violence Against Children. http://www.crin.org/docs/resources/treaties/crc.25/pitts.pdf [Accessed October 2009]. Noble, C. 2004. Postmodern Thinking: Where is it Taking Social Work? Journal of Social Work. 2004. 4, 289-304. Nash, K. 2000. Readings in Contempory Political Sociology. Blackwell Publishers Ltd: Oxford. Available on line: The British Association of Social Workers has a Code of Ethics http://www.basw.co.uk/Default.aspx?tabid=64 [Accessed October 2009]. Available on line: The Scottish Social Services Codes of Practice 2005 http://www.sssc.uk.com/NR/rdonlyres/3A6C6F84-EB11-4DE2-90FF-5E143610C2B7/0/SSSCCodesofPracticebookletSept09.pdf [Accessed October 2009]. Tovey, W. 2007. The Post-Qualifying Handbook for Social Workers. Jessica Kingsley Publishers: London. Wilks, T. 2005. Social Work and Narrative Ethics. British Journal of Social Work 2005. 35, 1249-1264. Case Study In this assignment the author had to take into consideration any ethical and value based factors before exploring a workable therapeutic intervention that would meet the needs of the client within this case study. The ethical and value based dilemmas that require consideration needed to be put into a logical workable framework. The author then can identify and progressively translate to meet the needs of any ethical issues faced by both practitioner and client. This process needs to be addressed ethically in three different ways; these are the interests, rights and power. The author will then reflect, explain, analysis and use evidence on how to approach and meet the ethical needs of the client. The client will be given a pseudonym to protect and ensure confidentiality and privacy throughout this assignment, consent was also given by the main carers. The boy who will be referred to as Marc is now 12 years of age and has recently been diagnosed with (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) ADHD which is now being challenged (Appendix 1). First and foremost, it is vitally important to look at the young person as a whole by using the Getting it Right for Every Child 2006 (GIRFEC 2006) My world Framework approach which is â€Å"underpinned by common values and principles along with shared models, tools and practices that are designed to support work with children and young people† (on line). Although GIRFEC 2006 -Proposal for Action: Analysis of Consultation Responses argue â€Å"is there sufficient emphasis and guidance about the childs involvement and are there sections which need strengthening to ensure that the child or young person is at the heart of the process?† (on line). This statement reinforces the authors need to assess all aspects of the clients wellbeing. This in turn ensures that the author considers all areas of ethical value based concerns before committing to a solution based framework to employ to the service users current situation. By utilising Collingwoods (2005) three-stage theory fr amework provided the author with a workable framework to apply a process that would then develop a flexible and developmental tool, which can then identify any specific ethical and value based issues to inform the authors intervention strategy. Consideration for background information to work ethically with client By using a Proportionism approach and by looking at the applied science model to solve any ethical issues, then by applying an existing body of professional knowledge to make sense of complex and difficult human situations. This generates an understanding of the current situation, develops a structured sequence to practice in a systematic way, then to practice in a thoughtful and professional manner to allow consideration of cultural circumstance of the current ethical dilemmas (Howe 2002). By completing the Collingwood (2005) theory circle, stage two informed the author of the theory to inform/ intervene ethically and stage three helped identify the knowledge, skills and values to work ethically with the client. The author drew on more than one principle based ethical approach. This maximised the wellbeing and minimised harm whilst following core values, principles and codes. Although applying the deontological approach allows the author the ability to create logic and ensures that the author is following ethical codes and principles as there are moral judgments and difficult ethical decisions to be made. Gray (2009) reinforces that practitioners should not undermine the importance of principles and codes. It seems logical to utilise modern workable theory to practice by employing the proportionals approach to explore present situation, consequences and sense of perception on the basis of evidence before the practitioner, using the best means available for forming judgments that springs directly from these means and allows for the end to justify the means (Gray 2009). By applying the Proportionism approach allows the author to build on, manufacture or complement theories, by transcending exi sting theories to provide a new and superior form of working ethically it can only enhance practitioner/ client relationships (Lovat and Gray 2008). The following areas were highlighted as in need of development to address the ethical issues for the client. The author believes that there is an insecure attachment base. Bowlby cited in Butterworth and Harris (1994) argues that insecure attachments contribute to the formation of a neurotic personality as they take the child down a psychologically unhealthy pathway. Developmental stage using Ericsons psychosocial stages where the child should be in the fourth stage of industry versus inferiority, recognising that it is important that the child does not run the risk of developing a sense of inferiority a sense of inadequacy resulting in feeling worthless at this stage (Slee 2002). Leading on to the general effect of the grief, after the mind has suffered an acute paroxysm of grief, and the cause still continues, we fall into a state of low spirits or feel utterly cast down and dejected (on line) (Darwin1872). Intervention It has been long recognised that practitioners have been torn between the utilitarian and the deontologists approach to social work and by breaking free and proceeding on the basis inclusion, open communication, empathy and being impartial is the way forward for practitioners (Houston 2003). â€Å"A valid moral decision is reached when those affected by it endorse it as the preferred way forward. In reaching this agreement participants must accept the consequences of the decision for all concerned and its impact on everyones interests† (Houston 2003 pg: 822). Therapeutic interventions are used in many different situations and the end goals of intervention programs are to inspire people to make the necessary changes to take control of their own lives again (on line) (When are Therapeutic Interventions Recommended?). Consideration for the clients diagnosis as being ADHD is a significant contributing factor to ensuring the best therapeutic model is used to address underlying issues. Controlled longitudinal studies show that by late adolescence and early adulthood, children identified as having ADHD are at risk for a number of mental health problems the most noticeable are anti-social behaviours, cognitive difficulties, poor academic achievement and lower occupational status (on line) ( Thorley 1998). Although diagnose of the clients ADHD is in dispute, ethically the author is at duty to include the probability of ADHD until a conclusive assessment is carried out to confirm or dismiss the first diagnosis when considering play therapy interventions. The British Association of Play Therapists (BAPT) is the foremost professional body that registers Play Therapists and regulates Play Therapy practice in Britain and have codes of practice along with play therapy standards to regulate play therapy and training (on line)(BAPT 2009). â€Å"Play Therapists need to be motivated, concerned and directed towards good ethical practice. They are required to take responsibility to maintain these standards and Play Therapists should always accept responsibility for their professional behavior and actions† (on line) (BAPT 2009). Consideration for Biesteks casework principles, individualisation, purposeful expression of feelings, controlled emotional involvement, acceptance, non-judgemental attitude, service user self-determination and confidentiality were the early foundations of principles that have paved the way for influencing present date values in social work (Banks 2006). The author drew on Biesteks casework principles but found that although Biestek theory focuses on concern of the welfare of the individual it fails to offer satisfactory accounts for relationships. The author has identified that there is a strain on positive relationships, and feels that this is an area that requires prompt development. â€Å"Ethical responsibilities flow from all human relationships, from the personal and familial to the social and professional. Ethical decision making is a process† (Webb 2003 pg: 22). Holland (2009) acknowledges that a key element within ethic of justice is that of individual rights and that this is a very important development for looked after children. The client has be informed and made aware of all aspects of the intervention process before any structured work can take place as the vast amount of therapeutic play therapy relies heavily on parent participation. This alone poses an ethical dilemma as the client is within a residential group setting and relationships between client /staff may be inconsistent. In conclusion to this assignment the author feels that it would benefit all parties if the play therapy was delayed until the new adoptive parents were approved. This would then enrich the relationships between client/ adoptive parents, furthermore they can subsequently build resilience in the new family unit, along with educating the new adoptive parents of the complex history and the future needs of the client. The long term value base and ethical benefits would outweigh any short term quick fix solution; the new adoptive parents require the best tools available to ensure that the new family unit works. References Banks, S. 3rd Ed, 2006. Ethics and Values in Social Work. Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke. Butterworth, G., Harris, M. 1994. Principles of Developmental Psychology. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd: UK. Collingwood, P. 2005. Integrated Theory and Practice: The Three Stage Theory Framework. The Journal of Practice Teaching in Health and Social Work, Volume 6, Number 1, 2005, pp. 6-23(18). Available on line: Darwin, R, C. 1872. The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F1142viewtype=textpageseq=1 [ Accessed October 2009]. Available on line: Dr. Thorley, G. 1998. Therapeutic Intervention for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder http://www.drgeoffthorley.com/ADHD%20article%201998.pdf [Accessed October 2009]. Gray, M. 2009. Moral Sources and Emergent Ethical Theories in Social Work. British Journal of Social Work, September 22, 2009.1-18. Holland, S. Looked After Children and the Ethic of Care. British Journal of Social Work. August 10 2009. 1-17. Houston, S. 2003. Establishing Virtue in Social Work: A Response to McBeth and Webb. British Journal of Social Work (2003) 33, 819-824. Lovat, T., Gray, M. 2008. Towards a Proportionist Social Work Ethics: A Habermasian Perspective. British Journal of Social Work (2008). 38, 1100-1114. Slee, T. P. 2002. 2nd Ed. Child, Adolescent, and Family Development. Cambridge University Press: UK. Available on line: The British Association of Play Therapists http://www.bapt.info/playtherapystandards.htm [Accessed October 2009]. Available on line: When are Therapeutic Interventions Recommended? http://ezinearticles.com/?When-is-Therapeutic-Interventions-Recommended?id=1499263 [Accessed October 2009]. Webb, B, N. 2003. 2nd Ed. Social Work with Children. The Guilford Press: New York. Appendix 1 Accommodated under Sec 25 C(S)Act 95 Marc was born in England. Marcs birth parents were substance users and had a chaotic lifestyle. He was unable to remain permanently in their care and as a result was fostered in a number of placements returning to the care of his parents for short periods and having sporadic contact with them. Marc blames himself for not being able to remain in their care. He was adopted by a couple in Scotland at the age of 5 years. The couple were not able to have their own children. The couple then went on to have a son of their own and since then he has been treated differently. There are no photos of Marc in the house, he does not have a bike (the brother does), he is the family scapegoat and blamed for problems in the parents relationship. Marc has since been diagnosed with ADHD and his diet restricted as a means of attempting to control this. There is some debate by health professionals as to whether the diagnosis is accurate, he is on low dose medication and there has been some reported improvement in his attention levels. Marc also has a developmental delay in self care i.e. knowing how to wash himself, toileting skills. Marc remained with his adoptive parents until last month when his parents asked for him to be removed due to their perception of his behaviour being unacceptable. Marc had stolen sweets. As a result of this Marc has been accom modated in residential home on a temporary basis until a long term family can be identified. Marc believes that stealing the sweets caused the breakdown in the relationship with his adoptive family consequently blaming himself. Recently a family has been identified and the residential unit is planning to undertake a therapeutic intervention in order to prepare Marc to have an understanding of his history and build his self esteem. The prospective adoptive family are in the process of being approved by the fostering and adoption panel.

Holocaust :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Holocaust was a tragic event that ended many Jewish lives. The Nazis murdered over 6 million innocent Jews. They tortured so many of them leaving the few Holocaust survivors with horrid memories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Propaganda played a huge role and affected many people’s thinking during this time period. The propaganda was designed to influence the targeted people’s opinions, beliefs, and emotions. Joseph Paul Goebbel’s was the German national socialist propagandist. He had complete control over radio, press, cinema, and theater. What the propagandist preached may have been either true or false. They did whatever it took to sway the people to believe their ideas. They wanted people to think that their way was right.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Nazi’s were known for using terms that had literal and actual meaning in their propagandized language. Their thoughts were hammered into people’s brains so they soon became unconsciously thinking the way the Nazi’s did. The propagandist had rules like our 10 Commandments. The first three were to divide and conquer, tell the people what they want, and the bigger the lie, the more people will believe it. (www.primenet.com/~popgnda/goebbels.htm)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Like I stated earlier, propaganda was used to sway the ideas and minds of Jews, just like the hoax that took place at Theresienstadt. Theresienstadt was a ghetto concentration camp. It was located in today’s Czech Republic. It was suppose to be the â€Å"model ghetto† for the Red Cross. There were rumors about this killing center so the Nazis arranged a hoax. A lot was done to this ghetto; a cafà © was created, a children’s opera was performed, a monument was built to honor the dead.